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SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS. SYNOPSIS
$1-
OF THE
NEUROPTERA
OP
NORTH AMERICA.
WITH A LIST OF THE SOUTH AMERICAN SPECIES,
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
BY
HERMANN IIAGEN. t\
^JT- F .
-flM
LI-BRA
WASHINGTON: SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.
JULY, 1S61.
ADVERTISEMENT.
THE present " Synopsis of North American Neuroptera" has been prepared by Dr. Hermann Hagen of Konigsberg (one of the highest living authorities on this subject), at the special request of the Smithsonian Institution, from materials in considerable part supplied by the collections of the Institution, or furnished for the purpose, by correspondents, at its request. It is hoped that the publication of this work and its distribution throughout the country will call attention to the insects of this order, and result in the collection of fuller materials, to be used hereafter in the preparation of a more perfect report.
For the purpose of making the present work serve the purpose of a report on the Neuroptera of the New World, a list of the names of the known South American species has been added. Some of these have not yet been published, but descriptions of them will shortly be presented to the world by Dr. Hagen in some one of the German scientific journals.
The manuscript of this work was furnished by Dr. Hagen in Latin, and it has been translated into English by Mr. P. R. Uhler of Baltimore. To him, and to Baron R. Osteu Sacken, the Insti- tution is under obligations for the careful examination and cor- rection of the proof sheets.
JOSEPH HENRY,
Secretary S. I.
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION,
WASHINGTON, June, 1861.
ACCEPTED FOR PUBLICATION, NOVEMBER, I860.
PHILADELPHIA: COLLINS, PRINTER.
PREFACE.
THE following Synopsis of the Neuroptera of North America has been prepared in accordance with the desire of the Smithsonian Institution, and contains all the known species found hitherto in the United States, in the English and Russian colonies, Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies. Many species described originally as belonging to the last-named countries, may hereafter be found in the southern parts of the United States.
The materials upon which the Synopsis has been based are the following: —
1. Species furnished by the Smithsonian Institution, chiefly Odonata, collected by Capt. J. Pope, U. S. A., on the Pecos River, Western Texas (lat. 32°, long. 104°), by Dr. Berlandier and Lt. Couch, U. S. A., at Matarnoras, and by Dr. Engelmann at St. Louis.
2. The very numerous species collected by Baron Osten Sacken in different parts of the United States, particularly at Washington, at Trenton Falls, at Savannah and Dalton in Georgia, at Berkeley Springs in Virginia, in Florida, in Cuba, on the St. Lawrence River, and at Chicago.
3. A considerable number of Odonata, collected by Mr. Abbot in Georgia, and furnished by the late Mr. Escher-Zollickofer of Zurich.
4. A considerable number of Odonata, collected by the late Mr. Guex at Bergen Hill in New Jersey, and communicated by Prof. Schaum of Berlin.
5. A considerable number of Neuroptera from California, Ma- ryland, Illinois, and North Red 'River (from Mr. Robert Kenni- cott), furnished by Mr. P. R. Uhler of Baltimore.
6. Some species collected in Florida by Mr. Norton, and at New York by Mr. Calverly.
VI PREFACE.
7. Other species collected in South Carolina by Mr. Zimmer- mann, and furnished by the late Prof. Germar of Halle.
8. A considerable number of Neuroptera collected in Cuba and furnished by Prof. Poey of Havana.
9. A considerable number of Neuroptera collected in Mexico and supplied by Mr. de Saussure of Geneva.
10. My own collection, containing the types of Winthem, de- scribed by Prof. Burmeister, and some species furnished by the late Mr. Say.
11. Many species collected in the Russian colonies and in Cali- fornia, communicated by Mr. Meuetries from the Imperial Museum of St. Petersburg, and by Colonel Motschulsky.
12. The Neuroptera of North America of the Museum at Ber- lin, furnished by Dr. Gerstaecker.
13. The Neuroptera of North America of the Museum at Yi- enna, communicated by Mr. Kollar".
14. The Neuroptera of North America of the collection of the Baron Selys Longchamps at Liege, with the types described by Messrs. Ratnbur, Latreille, Palisot de Beauvois, contained in Ser- ville's collection, and some supplied by Mr. Asa Fitch.
15. Some types, chiefly from Labrador, described by Mr. Bur- meister, and contained in the collection of Mr. Sonirner at Altona.
16. The very great number of Neuroptera of the British Museum in London, described by Mr. Fr. Walker, chiefly from Canada and the polar regions, which I examined at London in 1857, with the kind permission of Dr. J. E. Gray.
I have endeavored to cite the literature of the subject as com- pletely as possible. Besides the printed works, I have taken ad- vantage of written communications made by Mr. Haldeman and Mr. Uhler on those species, which had been described by them. The rare memoir of the late Mr. Say, "Godman's Western Quarterly Reporter, Vol. II," could not be procured, except in a manuscript copy kindly communicated by Baron Osten Sacken.
An exclamation mark (!) has been added to every species con- tained in my own collection, or described by me from actual exa- mination.
Where an (!) has been added to the name of the author, I have seen the types which he described.
The foregoing statements show that the Synopsis has been prin- cipally composed from species which I myself have examined, and
PREFACE. Til
which can be considered as undoubtedly fixed. There are, how- ever, some, especially from the British Museum, which are not entirely certain, the time I could spend at London not being suffi- cient to determine all the species. The number, however, of spe- cies mentioned in the Synopsis not examined by myself is but small.
I have added a Catalogue of all the species of South American Neuroptera hitherto described, and of the new species contained in my collection. All the yet undescribed species have been added to the present Catalogue, as their publication, which has already partly been effected (Gomphidae), will soon be terminated.
There can be no doubt that the species named in the Synopsis and in the Catalogue constitute only a fraction of the Neurop- terous Fauna of America; may its incompleteness be soon shown by a multitude of new discoveries.
DR. H. HAGEN.
KOENIGSBERG, 8th April, 1860.
Note. — The measurements given are in millimetres. A millimetre is equal to .039 of the English inch, or about .04 (= z';). Multiplying, then, any number of millimetres by four, and setting off two places of decimals, will at once give us the inches and fractions.
\
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Advertisement .......... iv
Preface v
Table of Contents ix
Authorities . . . . . xi
North American Neuroptera ....... xi
South American Neuroptera ....... xvi
Analytical tables .......... xix
Synopsis of North American Neuroptera ...... 1
PSEUDONEUROPTERA xix, 1
Fam. I. TERMITINA 1
Fam. II. EMBIDINA ...... 7
Fam. III. PSOCINA ...... 7
Fam. IV. PERLINA 14
Fam. V. EPHEMERINA ...... 38
Fam. VI.* ODONATA 55
Tribe I. Agrionina ..... 56
Sub-fam. I. Calopterygina ... 56
Sub-fam. II. Agrionina .... 62
Legion I. Pseudostigmata . . 62
Region II. Agrionina ... 65
Tribe II. Aeschnina ..... 98
Sub-fam. III. Gornphina .... 98
Sub-fam. IV. Aeschnina .... 117
Tribe III. Libellulina 132
Sub-fam. V. Cordulina . . . .132 Sub-fam. VI. Libelluliua . . . .141
NEUROPTERA xix, 187
Fam. VII. SIALINA 187
Fam. VIII. HEMEROBINA ..... 196
Fam. IX. PANORPINA ...... 240
* Erroneously given as Fam. V. on p. 55.
AB . _&.
X CONTENTS.
Fam. X. PHRYGANINA ..... 249
Sub-fain. I. Phrygauides . . . 249
Sub-fam. II. Limnopbilides . . . 253
Sub-fam. III. Sericostomides . . . 270
Sub-fain. IV. Leptocerides . . . 275
Sub-fam. V. Hydropsychides . . 284 Sub-fain. VI. Rhyacophilides . . .295 List of South American Neuroptera. PSEUDONEUROPTERA.
Fam. I. TERMITINA 299
Fam. II. EMBIDINA ...... 301
Fam. III. PSOCINA 302
Fam. IV. PERLIXA 302
Fain. V. EPHEMEKINA ..... 304
Fam. VI. ODONATA ...... 305
Tribe I. Agrionina ..... 305
Sub-fam. I. Calopterygina . . . 305
Sub-fain. II. Agrioniua .... 307
Tribe II. Aeschuina 312
Sub-fam. III. Gomphina . . . .312
Sub-fam. IV. Aeschnina . . . 314
Tribe III. Libellulina 315
Sub-fain. V. Cordulina .... 315 Sub-fam. VI. Libellulina . . .315 NEUROPTERA.
Fam. VII. SIALINA 321
Fam. VIII. HEMEROBINA 322
Fam. IX. PANORPINA ...... 327
Fam. X. PHRYGANINA 328
List of genera of North American Neuroptera 330
Distribution of species of do 333
List of genera of South American Neuroptera 334
Summary 336
Glossary 337
Index 345
Corrections and additions • 347
AUTHORITIES.
NORTH AMERICAN NEUROPTERA.
Bartram, Jolm. — Observations on the Dragon-Fly, or Libellula of Pennsylvania. Philos. Transact. 1750, XLVI, 323. Observations upon the metamorphosis of the Oclonata in general.
Blanchard, Emile. — Histoire naturelle des Insectes, etc. Paris, 1840, 1841, etc. 3 vols. 150 pi. Contains description of some typical forms from N. America, but no new species.
Les planches dans Cuvier regne animal, edit. Masson, 1836 — 1846,
8vo. Corydalis cornuta and Chauliodes pectinicornis are figured in this work.
Browne, Patrice. — The Civil and Natural History of Jamaica. London, 1789 (1756), fol. pp. 437. Four species of Odonata are mentioned : "1. Tota viridis ; 2. Fusca tenuis, ad oculos et anum coeruleo-nitens ; 3. Maxima rufula, pectore crassiori ; 4. Tenuior tota coerulea. These insects are very common in Jamaica."
Burmeister, Hermann. — Haudbuch der Entomologie. Neurop- tera, II, Part I. Berlin, 1839, 8vo. 60 species from N. America are described in this work ; 36 of them are new.
Zoologischer Hand Atlas. Berlin, 1836— 1843. Fol., 41 pi. Termes
flavipes and its nympha are figured. (I have examined the types of Mr. Burrneister.)
Coqueliert, Allt. JJoli. — Illustratio iconographica insectorum quse in museis parisinis observavit J. C. Fabricius. Paris, 1799 — 1804. Fol., 30 pi. Libellula eponina figured.
Curtis, Jolm. — Description of the Insects brought home by Com- mander James Clark. Ross's Second Voyage. App. Nat. Hist. 1831, 4to. — pi. Tinodes hirtipes described.
Drury, Drew. — Illustrations of Natural History, etc. London, 1770 — 1782, 4to. 3 vols. (ed. Westwood, 1837). Several species are figured and described.
Duncan, J. — Introduction to Entomology. London, 1840. Svo., — pi. Libellula axillena figured by Mr. Westwood.
Xll AUTHORITIES.
EricIJSOll, Fr. W. — Beitraege zu einer Monographic von Mantispa. Germar's Zeitschrift f. Entomologie, 1839, 8vo. I, Part I, 147 — 173, 1 pi. Contains three species.
Insekten in Schomburgk's Reise in Guyana, 1848, Svo. III. Con- tains several species from the West Indies.
Falbricius, J. C. — Entomologia Systematica et Supplementa. Haf- nise, 1792 — 1798, Svo. 5 vols. Seventeen species are described, nine of them are new. (The same are contained in the works previously published by this author, viz : Systema Entomologiae, 1775 ; Species Insectorum, 1781; and Mantissa Insectorum, 1787.)
Fatol'icillS, Otto. — Fauna Groenlandica. Hafnise, 1780, Svo. Contains Libellula virgo (erroneously), Phryganea rJwmbica, Termes divina- torium. See Schioedte.
Fitcls, Asa. — First Report on the Noxious, Beneficial, and other Insects of the State of New York. Albany, 1855, Svo. Thirty-six species of Chrysopina and Hemerobina are described, mostly new.
— • Winter Insects of eastern New York, from Dr. Emmons' Journal of
Agricultxire and Science, 1847, vol. v, p. 274. Contains two spe- cies of Boreus and two of Perla new to science.
De Geer, diaries. — Memoires pour servir a 1'histoire des insectes. Stockholm, 4to, 1752 — 1778, 7 vols. Four species are described, two of them new.
GielJel, C. G.— Fauna der Vorwelt, etc. Leipzig, Svo. 1856. T. II, P. I, Insecta. Termes debilis included in gum Anime, described by Prof. Heer, erroneously, as a succinic insect.
Gosse. — Canadian Naturalist. I have not seen this work, which contains two new Pteronarcys.
Gray, G. R.— In E. Griffith's Animal Kingdom. London, 1824—1833. Svo. 16 vols. Contains some new species.
Glleriii-UIeneville, F. E.— Iconographie duRegne animal. I have not seen this work, which contains one new Palingenia.
Guilds lag, L,andsdo\viie. — The generic characters of Formicaleo, with the description of two new species (from the West Indies). Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 1829, vol. xvi, p. 47.
Hagen, H. — Monographic von Termes in Linnsea, X, XII, XIV. 1855 — 1860.
Revue des Odonates ; Monographic des Calopterygines ; Monogra-
phie des Gomphines. (cf. Selys Longchamps.)
Haldemail. — Description of the Agrion veneri-notatum. Proceed. Acad. Philad. 1844. Termes nigriceps, ibid. 1853, June.
Corydaliis cornutus. Jourii. Acad. Boston, 1848, with plates.
Harris, Dr. T. W. — A Treatise on some of the Insects of New England,
which are injurious to Vegetation. Boston, 1852. I regret much, not to have seen this excellent work. Contains one Chrysopa. Heer, O. — Die Insectenfauua der Tertiaergebilde von Oeuingen uud
AUTHORITIES.
Radoboj. Leipzig, 1849, 4to. T. II. Contains Termes debilis as succinic insect (included in Gum Anime).
K.il'l>y, W. — Fauna boreali- Americana, etc. Norwich, 1837, 4to. Con- tains a List of arctic Insects, Libellula viryo and Phryganea rhom- b/ca from 0. Fabricius, and Tinodes hirtipes from J. Curtis ; besides p. 252 the descriptions of four species taken in lat. 65 — 68. Agrion puella probably erroneously determined, and three new species, Perla bicaudata (erroneously), Limnephilus ncbulosus suidfemoralis; the descriptions are very incomplete.
K.lug, Friedr. — Monographic der Panorpatae. Act. Acad. Berolin. 1836, 4to., 1 plate. Contains five species, three new ones from. N. America.
fi.oleiia.fi, F. — Genera et Species Trichopterorum. Part I. Prague, 1848, 4to. Contains three species from Greenland, Labrador, and N. America, one of them new.
Systematisches Verzeichniss der dem Verfasser bekannten Phry-
ganiden und deren Synonymik. Wien. Entom. Monatschrift, T. Ill, 1859, p. 15. Contains the names of six species from N. Ame- rica, four of them new.
Genera et Species Trichopterorum. Part II. Nouv. Memoir, de la
Soc. Imper. des Naturalistes a Moscou. 1859, T. XI, 4. I have not seen this work, which contains the descriptions of the species mentioned in the foregoing work.
S4.oBIa !', V. — Naturgeschichte der schaedlichen Insekten. Wien, 1837, 4to. Contains Ttrmes flavipes, injurious in the warmhouses- of Schoenbrunn and Vienna. This description has been omitted in the translation of this work by Mr. London.
l,atrellle, P. — Histoire naturelle, etc. des Insectes. Paris, 8vo. 1792 —1805, vol. xiv.
Genera Crustaceorum et Insectorum. Paris, 4to. 1806 — 1809, vol.
iv. Some species from N. America are described, but none of them are new.
i.eidy, J. — Internal Anatomy of Corydalus cornutus in its three stages of existence (with Haldeman).
Licliteiisteiii. — Catalogus musei ditissimi (Holthuisen). Hamburg, 1796, 8vo. Part III. Contains one new Ephemera.
ILinsie, C.— Systema Naturae ed. XII. 1767, 8vo. Contains three spe- cies from N. America, two of which are described previously in Centuria Insector. 1763, 4to., or in Amoeuit. Acad., vol. vi. The ed. xiii, by Mr. Gmelin, contains several species described by dif- ferent authors.
V. Motsclllllslty, V. — Two species of Termes from N. America are mentioned in the Etudes Entomologiques, T. IV. I find mentioned Etudes VIII, p. 11, two species of Phryganina from N. America, Leptocera flexuosa Haldeman. and Leptocera 8-7naculata Haldeman. I do not know if, or where, these species are described.
XIV AUTHORITIES.
E. — Several species, chiefly Perlina, are described in Ento- mological Magaz., vol. v, and in Annals of Nat. History, vol. xiii, by this author.
Wewport, Cr. — On the Genus Pteronarcys. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., vol. xx, and Annals of Nat. Histor., vol. xiii, contains, moreover, some species of Perlina.
Olivier, G. — Encyclopedic methodique, vol. vii, 4to. Some species of N. America are described by this author.
Palisot Beativois. — Insectes recueillis en Afrique et en Arnerique. Paris, 1805 — 1821, fol. Three species are described by this author.
Perty, M. — Delectus animalium articulatorum, etc. Monachise, 1830, 4to. One species of Termes from the West Indies has been described.
Pictet, F. — Histoire naturelle, etc. des insectes Neuropteres. Part I, Perlides ; Part II, Ephemerines. Geneve, 1841 — 1845, 8vo., with pi. color. Numerous species are figured and described in this first- rate work.
Reiclientoacii. — Volks-naturgeschichte. Termes flavipes has been figured in this work.
RaiaalJim', P. — Histoire naturelle des Neuropteres. Paris, 1842, 8vo., with plates (forms a part of the Suites a Buffon, published by Ro- ret). Numerous species are perfectly described, mostly new.
Say? Til. — Descriptions of insects belonging to the order Neuroptera Linn. Latr., collected by the expedition authorized by J. C. Cal- houn, etc. under the command of Major S. H. Long, in Godman's Western Quarterly Reporter, 1823, vol. ii, No. 2, article iv, pp. 160, 165. This very rare work contains four species of Phryganina, three Ephemerina, one Myrmeleou, one Bittacus, and four Perlina, well described.
- Nine Species of Neuroptera (three Ephem., one Ascalaphus, two Hemerob., one Chauliodes, two Phrygan.), in Keating's narrative of an expedition to the source of St. Peter's River, etc., under the command of Major Long. Philadelphia, 1824, 8vo., vol. ii, p. 205.
- American Entomology, vol. ii, 1825, Svo. Contains six figures (two Mantispa and four Phryganea), described and figured.
- Descriptions of new N. American Neuropterous Insects, and obser- vations on some already described by (the late) Th. Say. Journ. Acad. of Nat. Sci. of Philadelphia, 1839, vol. viii, Part I, p. 9—46. Contains the descriptions of forty-nine species (ten Aeschua, twen- ty-one Libellula, three Calopteryx, three Lestes, four Agrion, four Baetis, one Ephemera, two Formicaleo, one Chrysopa), mostly new to science. Unfortunately the work of Prof. Burmeister was pub- lished at the same time and contains some species described by Mr. Say under different names.
Savigny, J. C. — Description de 1'Egypte. Paris, 1825, fol. Contains the figure of one species of Libellula (L.jlavescens), found in N. America.
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AUTHORITIES. XV
Scllioeclte, J. C. — Arthropoden Groenlands, in Rink, geographischer,
etc., Beschreibung Groenlands and in Berlin Entom. Zeitschr.,
1859, t. Ill, p. 134. Contains four species (one Ephem., one Hem-
erob., two Phrygan.). Sclmeidei', W. G. — Symbols ad Monographiam generis Chrysopre
Leacli. Vratislavise, 1851, Svo., with plat, color. Contains seven
species, well described and figured. De §elys L-ongclaamps, E. — Revue des Odonates ou Libellules
d'Europe avec la collaboration de H. Hagen. Paris, 1850, Svo.
(Memoir. Soc. R. Science de Liege, vol. vi). Two species, Lib.
hudsonica, p. 53, and Agrion Doubledayi, p. 209, are described in
this work.
Synopsis des Calopterygines. Bullet. Acad. Bruxelles, 1853, t. xx.
Monographic des Calopterygines avec collab. H. Hagen. Paris,
1854, Svo. (Mum. Soc. R. Science de Liege, vol. ?). Fourteen spe- cies from N. America are described in this work.
• Synopsis des Gornphines. Bullet. Acad. Bruxell. 1854, t. xxi.
Monographic des Gomphines, avec collab. H. Hagen. Paris, 1857,
Svo. (Mem. Soc. R. Science de Liege, vol. ?). Thirty-four species from N. America are described in this work.
Additions au Synopsis des Calopterygines. Bullet. Acad. Bruxell.
ser. 2, 1859, T. VII, No. 7.
Additions au Synopsis des Gomphines. Bullet. Acad. Bruxell.,
ser. 2, 1859, T. VII, No. 8.
Neuropteres de 1'isle de Cuba, de la Sagra Hist. Cuba, 1857, fol., T.
VII, p. 183—201, or in Poey, Ins. Cuba, 8vo., p. 435—473. Con- tains thirty-nine species from the West Indies, chiefly Odonata ; several of them are new to science.
Sloane, H. — A voyage to the islands Madeira, Barbadoes, Nieves, St. Christopher's, and Jamaica, with the natural history, etc. of insects. London, 1707 — 1725, fol., 2 vols. Ten species of Libellula from Jamaica have been described in this work: 1. Libellula rufa major (an L. abdominalis?) ; 2. L. rufa minor (an L. simplex?); 3. L. maxima ccerulea aut viridis (an Aeschna ingens?) ; 4. L. purpurea (Lib. discolor); 5. L. coerulea minor (Agrion spec.).
Stephens, J. F.— Illustrations of British Entomology. London, 8vo., 1835. Mandibulata, vol. VI. Some species of European Neurop- tera mentioned in this work have been found in N. America.
Swederuis, ST. §. — Two species of Panorpa have been described by this author, Vetensk. Acad. nya Handl. Stockholm, 1787, T. VIII.
Uhler, P. R. — Contributions to the Neuropterology of the United States. Proceed. Acad. of Nat. Sc. Philad., 1857, March, p. 87. Seven spe- cies of Odonata are described.
Walker, F. — Catalogue of the Specimens of Neuropterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. London, 8vo., Part I, 1852 (Phryganides, Perlides), p. 1—192; Part II, 1853 (Sialidae— Ne-
XVI AUTHORITIES.
mopterides),p.l93 — 476; Part III. 1853 (Tennitidse— Ephemeridze),
p. 477— 585; Part IV, 1853 (Odonata, Calopterygiuse),p. 586 — 658.
In this work 234 species from N. America are described; numerous
of them are new, chiefly from Canada and the Arctic regions. Wesiliael, C. — Sur les Hemerobides de Belgique. Bullet. Acad. Brux-
ell., 1841, vol. viii, p. 203. One species of Europe described here
has been found in N. America. Westwood, J. O. — Monograph of the genus Panorpa. Trans. Entom.
Soc. Lond., vol. iv, with plates. Contains fourteen species from
N. America, some of them new.
On the genus Mantispa. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., new ser., vol. i,
with plates. Contains three species from N. America.
Introduction to the modern Classification of Insects. London, 1840,
8vo., vol. ii. Contains Termes flavipes, figured.
Zetterstedt, J. W. — Insecta Lappouica. Lipsise, 1840, 4to. Some species from Lapland have been found in the Arctic regions of N. America.
SOUTH AMERICAN NEUROPTERA.
(The authorities mentioned above for North American Neuroptera are omitted.)
Blaiicliard, E.^-Insectes du voyage dans 1'AmSrique meridionale de M. Alcide d'Orbigny. 4to. pi.
Insectes dans C. Gay historia fisica de Chili. Paris, 1851, 4to. I
have not seen this work; a few Neuroptera are described and figured.1
Fisclier voii Waldlieilll, G. — Notice sur quelques Orthopteres et Neuropteres du Bresil/ Bullet. Acad. Moscow, 1834, T. VII, p. 322, 1 pi. col. Two Mantispa are described and figured.
Hagen, H. — Neuroptera von Mossarnbic in Peters Reise, T. II. Written and printed 1853, but not yet published. Two Terines from Bra- zil are described.
Monographic der Gattung Oligoueuria. Stettin, Entomol. Zeit.
1856, T. XVI, p. 2G2.
Description of Mantispa chilensis, in Stettin. Entom. Zeit., 1859, T.
XX, p. 408.
i£irl}y? W. — Description of the Agrion briglitwdli in Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 1825, T. XIV.
i Twenty-six new species are described, and most of them figured. (Osten Sackeu.)
AUTHORITIES. Xvii
liollar, V. — Brasiliens vorziiglich lastige Insecten in Dr. Pohl's Reise in Brasilien. Wien, 1832, 4to. Two species of Termes are de- scribed and figured.
Pictet, F. J. — Description de quelques nouvelles especes de Neurop- teres du Musee de Geneve. Mem. Soc. Phys. Geneve, 1836, T. VII, p. 299. Bittacus blanchetti and Macronema lineatum are described and figured.
Percheron, A. — Genera des Insectes, with pi. Paris, 1831, 8vo. (with. M. Guerin). One species of Palingenia has been described.
lie t/ ins, A. — C. De Geer genera et species insectorum ex auctoris scrip- tis extr. Lipsise, 1783, 8vo.
Rengger, J. — Reise nach Paraguay. Aarau, 1835, 8vo. Some species of Termes have been described in this work.
Sel>a, A. — Locupletissimi rerum naturalium thesauri accurata descriptio et iconibus expressio. Amsterdam, 1734 — 1764, fol., 4 vols. Few species of Odonata are figured.
Serville, A. — Les Neuropteres, dans le t. X d'Encyclopedie methodique de M. Olivier. (Mantispa semihyalina.)
Tlllinlierg, C. P. — Fauna Surinamensis. Upsalia, 1822, 4to.
Fauna Cayennensis. Upsaliao, 1823, 4to.
Fauna Brasiliensis. Upsalis, 1823, 4to.
Fauna Americse meridioualis. Upsalise, 1S23, 4to., 3 parts. I have
not been able to use this work, which contains the complete list of all the species described, (cf. Stett. Entom. Zeit. XVIII, p. 202.)
Wel>er, F. — Observations entomologicse. Kiel, 1801, 8vo. (Ephemera
atrostoma.) West wood, J. O. — Characters of Embia. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond.,
1837, T. XVII, with pi.
B
ANALYTICAL TABLE.1
SECTIONS.
SECTION I.— PSEUDONEUROPTERA ERICHS.
Mandibulate insects with an incomplete metamorphosis (active pupa) ; lower lip mostly cleft ; four membranaceous, reticulate wings (rarely with rudimentary wings or apterous) ; antennae either subulate, and then the tarsi three- to five-articulate, or setiform, or filiform, in which case the tarsi are two- to four-articulate.
FAMILIES. — Termitina, Embidina, Psocina, Perlina, Ephemerina, Odonata.
SECTION II.— NEUROPTERA ERICHS.
Mandibulate insects with complete metamorphosis (inactive pupa) ; lower lip entire ; four membranaceous, more or less reticulate wings rarely with rudimentary wings or apterous) ; antennae setiform, filiform, clavate, capitate, or pectinate ; tarsi five-articulate. FAMILIES. — Sialina, flemerobina, Panorpina, Phryganina.
FAMILIES.
Four or two distinct wings ;
Antennae inconspicuous, subulate, short and slender.
Anterior and posterior wings nearly of the same length ; tarsi triarti-
culate. Fam. VI. ODONATA.
Posterior wings either smaller or wanting ; tarsi four- or five-articu- late. Fam. V. EPHEMERINA. Antennae mostly conspicuous, setiform, filiform, clavate, capitate, or
pectinate. Tarsi two- or three-articulate ;
Wings equal. Fam. II. EMBIDINA.
1 These tables, prepared by Baron Ostea Sacken at the request of the Institution, are to be considered as merely provisional in their nature, and as not aiming at a natural arrange- ment of the families.
XX SYNOPSIS OF NEUROPTERA.
Wings unequal.
Posterior wings smaller. Fam. III. PSOCINA (in part).
Posterior wings broader, or at least of the same size with the anterior ones. Fam. IV. PERLINA (in part). -
Tarsi four-articulate; wings equal. Fam. I. TERMITINA (in part). _ Tarsi five- (sometimes apparently four-articulate). Posterior wings with no anal space ; not folded.
Mouth more or less rostrated. Fam. IX. PANORPINA (in part). Mouth not rostrated (at the utmost only conical).
Fam. VIII. HEMEROBINA. Posterior wings with a folded anal space.1
Wings reticulate. Fam. VII. SIALINA.
Transverse veins rather few. Fam. X. PHRYGANINA (in part). Apterous, or with rudimentary wings ;
Mouth rostrated. Fam. IX. PANORPINA (in part).
Mouth not rostrated.
Tarsi five-articulate. Fam. X. PHRYGANINA (in part).
Tarsi four-articulate. Fam. I. TERMITINA (in part).
Tarsi three-articulate.
Apterous, or with two rudimentary wings of a leathery substance.
Fam. III. PSOCINA (in part). Four rudimentary wings, still with distinct neuration.
Fam. IV. PERLINA (in part).
i The anal space is absent in a few Phryganina.
NEUKOPTEKA
OF
NORTH AMERICA
SECTION I. PSEUDONEUKOPTERA.
FAM. I. TERMITLNA.
Body depressed, ovate; head free; wings equal, mem- branaceous, deciduous ; tarsi 4-articulate.
CALOTERMES HAGEN.
Head small, two ocelli ; prothorax large, transverse, oblong ; costal area veined ; tarsi furnished with an apical plautula.
1. C. castaneus !
Termes castaneus Burm. ! II. 764, 3. — Term.es anticus Walk.! Catal. 523, 31. — Termes guatimalce Walk.! Catal. 528, 38. — Caloterm. castaneus Hag.! Linn. XII, 38, 1 ; tab. ii, fig. 2 ; tab. iii, fig. 2.
Chestnut-color, beneath, antenna? and feet luteous ; the wings tinged with brown, margin and costal veins infuscate ; head ellip- tical; prothorax quadrangular, anteriorly a little sinuated; median nervule approaching the subcostal one, its apex bifurcated.
Var. Smaller, pale, wings hyaline. (Cuba, St. Domingo.)
Length to tip of wings 13 — 20 millimetres. Length of body 6 — 8 millim. Expanse of wings 23 — 36 millira.
Hob. San Francisco, California (Chamisso) ; Honduras (Miller) ; Guatimala (Deby) ; Cuba; Porto-Rico; St. Domingo, Port-au- Prince (Ehrenberg) ; Columbia, Venezuela (Moritz, Appun) ; -Brazil (Olfers) ; Pvio (Schott) ; St. Leopoldo ; Chile; Isle of France (?). Collection of de Selys Longchamps.
NOTE. — An exclamation point after the specific name at the head of an article shows that the description has been made by the author from a spe- cimen. When placed after a reference, it shows that the author has seen the type of the description. 1
2 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
2. C. marginipennis !
Termes marginipenne Latr.! Humboldt, Recueil, II, 111 ; tab. xxxix, fig. 8. — Term, mexicanus Walker! Catal. 528,39. — Caloterm. mar- ginipennis Hag.! Linn. XII, 47, 6 ; XIV, 100.
Fulvous, beneath, antennas and feet luteous ; wings whitish, margin and costal veins yellowish ; head square ; prothorax. square, anteriorly emarginate ; median and subcostal veins separated.
A smaller specimen from San Diego does not differ in coloring.
Var. Smaller, fuliginous, beneath, antenna? and feet fuscous ; wings dirty-fuscous, margin and costal veins infuscate. (California.)
Length to tip of wings 18 — 19 millimetres. Body 7 — 8 millim. Expanse of wings 31 millim.
Hab. Mexico (Humboldt, Muehlenpford, Deppe) ; Cuantla (Saussure) ; San Francisco and San Diego, California.
3. C. posticus !
Calotermes posticus Hag.! Linn. XII, G7, 15.
Piceous, base of the antennae and feet bright yellow ; wings
; head square ; prothorax oblong.
Length of body 4^ millim. Hab. St. Thomas (Moritz).
4. C. brevis !
Termes breris Walk.! Catal. 524, 33— Term, indecisus Walk.! Catal. 524, 32.— Term, flavicollis Walk.! (in part) Catal. 502, 1 (Imago), 503 (Soldier).— Term, lucifinjus Walk, (in part)! Catal. 505. 3.— Calo- term. brevis Hag.! Linn. XII, 68, 16; tab. ii, fig. 6; tab. iii, fig. 5. Linn. XIV, p. 101.
Fulvous, beneath, antenna? and feet pale ; wings hyaline, costal veins yellowish, linear, head square ; prothorax large, oblong, anteriorly emarginate ; median nervure distant, curved before the apex, united to the subcostal one.
Length to tip of wings 9 millim. Body 4 millim. Expanse of wings 16 millim.
Hab. Mexico (Deppe), Yera-Cruz (Salle) ; Central America ; Jamaica (Gosse); Cuba (Poeppig, Osten Sacken) ; St. Thomas (Moritz), St. Fe de Bogota; Brazil (Olfers, Schott, Natterer, Kuemmel).
The variety from Mexico has the median nervure, sometimes not curved, nor joined to the subcostal one. Is it a distinct species ?
TERMOPSIS — TERMES. 3
TERMOPSIS HEEK.
Head large ; ocelli absent ; prothorax small ; costal area veined ; tarsi with an apical plantula.
1. T. angtisticollis !
Termes castaneus Walk.! Catal. 506, 4. — Termops. angitsticollis Hag.! Linn. XII, 75, 1 ; tab. ii, fig. 1 ; tab. iii, figs. 6, 41. Linn. XIV, 101.
Rufous, beneath paler, mouth infuscate ; wings dusky hyaline, costal veins rufous ; head oval, flat ; prothorax small, semicircular.
Length to tip of wings 26 millim. Body 11 millim. Expanse of wings 46 millim.
Hab. Louisiana (Pfeiffer) ; San Francisco, California (Hart- weg) ; Ft. Steilacoom, Puget Sound (Dr. Suckley).
^
2. T. occidentis !
Termes occidentis Walk.! Catal. 529, 41. — Termops. occidentis Hag.! Linn. XII, 77, 2 ; tab. i, fig. 8. Linn. XIV, 101.
Soldier. Fulvous, broad, head thick, rounded ; prothorax ante- riorly strongly emargiuate ; meso- and metathorax with the poste- rior angles produced.
Length of body 14 millim.
Hab. West coast of Central America (Wood).
The genus of this species is doubtful; it may, perhaps, be Ter- mopsis angusticollis Hagen.
TERMES LINN.
Head large, rounded, two ocelli ; prothorax heart-shaped, small ; costal area free ; plantula absent.
1. T. flavipes !
Termes flavipes Kollar! Naturgesch. schadl. Ins. 411. Burm. II, 768, 14. Burm. Zoolog. Hand-atlas, tab. xxvii, figs. 9, 10. Westw.! Intro- duct. II, 14; tab. Iviii, figs. 12, 14, 15. Hag.! Linn. XII, 182, 26 ; XIV, 107. Reichenbach Volksnaturgescli. fig. col. Latr. Diction, d'hist. nat. XXII. Termes fron tale Haldem.! (teste Osten Sacken), Proc. Acad. Philad. 1844, II, 55.
Chestnut color ; head and prothorax black-brown ; antennae brownish, annulated with pale ; mouth, tibiae and tarsi yellow ;
4 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
wings whitish, a little roughened, costal veins yellowish ; head quadrangular, flat, with a distinct fovea in the middle, ocelli dis- tant, prothorax cordiforra.
Length to tip of wings 9 millim. Body 5 millim. Expanse of wings 16 millim.
Hub. U. S. (Bosc, Beauvois, Schaum) ; Cleveland, Ohio (Le Coiite) ; Cincinnati ; Paduca (Motschulsky) ; Pennsylvania (Hal- deman) ; Maryland (Uhler) ; Washington (Osten Sacken) ; Caro- lina (Zimmerman) ; Eutaw, Alabama ; Florida (Osten Sacken) ; Mexico, Matamoras, Tamaulipas (Couch) ; Europe (Plant-bouses of Schonbrunn, Kollar).
Specimens from Florida are smaller and paler, but not distinct.
2. T. morio!
Termes morio Latr.! Hist. Nat. XIII, 69, 3. Diet, d'hist. nat. XXII, 3. Burm.l II, 767, 11. Hagen ! Linn. XII, 201, 34; tab. iii, fig. 29. Linn. XIV, 122. — Termes cornigera Motschulsky! Etudes Entom. IV, 10.
Pitchy-black ; antennae, mouth, feet and venter yellowish ; wings opaque, blackish-gray, costal veins black-brown ; head flat, quad- rangular, a bifid impressed line upon the middle ; ocelli large, distant ; prothorax small, semicircular.
Length to tip of wings 12 — 14 millim. Body 5 to 6 millim. Expanse of wings 22 — 25 millim.
Hob. Guatirnala (Sivers); Panama (Motschulsky); St. Domingo (Ehrenberg) ; Porto-Rico (Moritz) ; Martinique ; Venezuela (Mo- ritz, Appun) ; Santarem, Brazil (Bates).
Nasuti and workers from Matanzas, Cuba (Osten Sacken), seem to belong here.
3. T. debilis !
Termes debilis Heer ! Insektenfauna der Tertiiirgebilde 11,35, 19; tab. iii, fig. 6 (contained in gum copal). Giebel, Fauna der Vorwelt, II, 295. — Termes morio Burm. (in part) II, 767, 11.— T. debilis Hag.! Linn. XII, 205, 38 ; tab. iii, fig. 30.
Brownish-black, antennas annulated with white ; mouth, feet and middle of the venter yellowish ; wings opaque, blackish-gray, costal veins fuseous ; head convex, square, an impressed point upon the middle ; ocelli small, approaching the eyes ; prothorax small, rounded.
Length to tip of wings 8^ millim. Body Si millim. Expanse of wings 16 millim.
TERMES. 5
Hob. Porto-Rico (Moritz) ; Brazil, Congonhas (Burmeister). Frequently found iu gum copal.
4. T. Rippertii !
Termes Rippertii Rarnb.! Neuropt. 308, 15. — Walk.! Catal. 520, 4; Hagen ! Linu. XII, 218, 47 ; tab. ii, fig. 13 ; tab. iii, fig. 32. Linu. XIV, 118. — Termes destructor Perty ! Delect. 127; tab. xxv, fig. 9.
Ferrugineous, head piceous, fulvous in front; the antennse, feet, prothorax and abdomen beneath in the middle luteous ; wings opaque, yellowish-gray, costal veins rufous ; head flat, with an impressed line ; eyes very prominent, ocelli close to the eyes ; prothorax semicircular, short.
Length to tip of wings 14 — 18 rnillim. Body 5 — 7 niillim. Expanse of wings 27 — 35 millim.
Hob. Havana, Cuba (Rippert) ; Trinidad (Osten Sacken) ; Ja- maica (Gosse) ; Columbia (Moritz) ; Brazil (Spix) ; Ypanema (Natterer) ; New-Freiburg (Beschke) ; Isle of France ? (Collect. de Selys).
A damaged specimen from Vera Cruz (Salle) seems to belong here.
5. T. lividus !
Termes lividus Burm.! II, 767, 12. Walk. Catal. 515, 13. Hageu ! Linn. XII, 221, 49 ; tab. iii, fig. 33.
Testaceous, the mouth, middle of the prothorax, antennae, feet, and margins of the abdominal segments luteous ; wings opaque, yellowish gray, costal veins rufous ; head small, flat, a small yellow line upon the middle, ocelli large, approaching the eyes ; prothorax almost orbicular.
Length to tip of wings 14 millim. Body 6 millira. Expanse of wings 27 millim.
Hal). Port au Prince, St. Domingo (Ehrenberg).
6. T. armiger !
Termes armiger Motscliulsky ! Etud. Ent. IV, 10. Hagen ! Liun. XII, 228, 52 ; tab. i, fig. 1.
A nasute soldier. Rufous; thorax and feet a little paler ; head pear-shaped, large, anteriorly porrected into a long nose ; mandi- bles ensiform ; prothorax small, anterior lobe narrow, recurved, anterior angles prominent, depressed, posterior margin rounded.
Length of body 6| millim.
6 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
Hal. Panama, Obispo (Motschulsky). Imago unknown.
7. T. tennis !
Termes tennis Hagen ! Linn. XII, 231, 57 ; tab. iii, fig. 35.
Pale yellow; head and protborax a little brownish; wings opaque, pale whitish-yellow, the costal veins luteous ; head oblong, convex, a salient point in the middle ; ocelli absent ; prothorax quadrangular.
Length to tip of wings 10 millim. Body 3 millim. Expanse of wings 20 millirn.
Hob. St. Domingo, Port au Prince (Ehrenberg) ; Columbia (Moritz); Brazil (Helm).
The ocelli, which are present in the other species, are absent in this. In other respects it belongs to the genus.
I
8. T. simplex!
Termes simplex Hag.! Linn. XII, 238, 60 ; tab. iii, fig. 23.
Fulvous, antennae and feet yellowish, wings hyaline, a little roughened, costal veins yellowish ; head rounded, convex, a dis- tinct fovea upon the middle, ocelli small, closely approximate ; prothorax flat, semicircular ; wings with the median nervure ab- sent.
Length to tip of wings 10 millim. Body 5 millim. Expanse of wings 17 millim.
Hub. Cuba (Poeppig).
An anomalous species. Only a single, very much damaged, specimen seen.
9. T. nigriceps.
Termes nigriceps Haldeman, Proceed. Acad. Pliilad. 1853, June, VI, 3G5.— Hag. Linn. XII, 230, 55.
Workers and soldiers nasute ; head blackish-brassy, pyriform, nasute, antennre, feet and body yellow. Length of body 3 millirn. Hob. Western Mexico (Leconte). Unknown to me.
10. T. strenuus !
Termes strenuus Hagen! Linn. XIV, 105.
Fuscous, villose ; mouth, antenna?, feet and margins of the
CLOTHILLA.
abdominal segments fulvous ; wings opaque, brown, costal margin, yellow, subcostal and basal veins blackish-brown ; head rather large, opaque, rounded, flat, impressed in the middle, brassy, ocelli rather small, distant ; prothorax semicircular, opaque.
Length to tip of wings 22 — 25 millim. Body 8 — 10 millim. Expanse of wings 42 — 47 millim.
Hob. Yera Cruz, Mexico (Salle).
11. T. fumosus !
Termes fumosus Hagen! Linn. XIV, 123. — Perhaps imago of Termes nigriceps.
Blackish-brown, brassy; antennae blackish-brown annulated with pale ; mouth, venter and feet yellowish-brown, tibice a little ob- scure; wings opaque, dark-smoky, costal veins blackish-brown, the rest fuscous; head flat, rounded, anteriorly bi-impressed ; ocelli rather large, distant ; prothorax hardly narrower than the head, semicircular.
Length to tip of wings 14 millim. Body 6 millim. Expanse of wings 24 millim.
Nab. Vera Cruz, Mexico (Salle).
I have seen similar specimens, badly preserved, from Matamoras, Tamaulipas. They may be distinct.
FAM. II. EMBIDINA.
Body depressed, linear; head free; wings equal, mem- branous ; tarsi triarticulate.
I have seen a specimen (perhaps a larva) without wings, not well preserved, from Cuba (Gundlach, Berlin Museum). Pale fuscous. Length of body 4 millim. Belonging to the genus Olyniha ? It is probably a new species.
FAM. III. PSOCINA.
Body oval ; head free ; prothorax small, obtected ; wings unequal, sometimes wanting ; tarsi two- or three-articulate.
CLOTHILLA WESTWOOD.
(Lepinotus von Hey den ; Paradoxenus and Paradoxides Motsch.) Ocelli absent ; wings incomplete, coriaceous ; tarsi triarticulate.
8 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
1. C. picea!
Paradoxenus piceus Motschulsky ! in lit.
Entirely piceous, with a brassy reflection.
The specimen seen was imperfect ; the wings were wanting.
Length of body 1 millim.
Hab. California.
ATROPOS LEACH. Ocelli and wings absent ; tarsi triarticulate.
1. A. divinatorius.
Termes divinatorius 0. Fab. Fn. Groenl. 214, 181.
Pale, mouth fuscous, eyes black, anus obscure (Descript. from Fab.)
Length 1 millim. ?
Hal. Greenland. In old books. Perhaps it is A. pulsatorius Leach.
•
PSOCUS LATE.
Three ocelli; wings membranaceous, rather unequal; tarsi two- or three-articulate.
•j- Tarsi three-articulate.
* Discoidal cellule closed, quadrangular.
1. P. sparsus !
Psocus sparsus Hagen !
Fuscous, varied with yellow and white ; nasus lineated with grayish-fuscous, front yellow, punctured and lineated with black ; antenna? rather slender, pale ; the two basal joints thicker, yel- low, black at base ; thorax fuscous, varied with yellow ; femora fuscous, annulated with pale before the apex, tibite and tarsi pale, with the apex fuscous ; anterior wings opaque, fuscous, densely varied with yellow and gray, veins yellow, spotted with fuscous ; pterostigma triangular ; posterior wings a little smoky, costal margin at the apex interruptedly fuscous and yellow.
Length to tip of wings G millim. Expanse of anterior wings 11 millim.
Hal). Washington (Osten Sacken, 1858) ; Baltimore (Uhler).
PSOCUS. 9
2. P. lugens !
Psocus lugens Hagen !
Fuscous, varied with white ; nasus fuscous, lineatecl with gray ; front fuscous, occiput striated with whitish ; antennce rather slen- der, brownish, two basal articulations thicker, apex pale, setce with the apical articulations whitish; thorax fuscous, margined with white ; femora fuscous, annulated with pale before the apex; tibia? and tarsi paler, at the apex fuscous ; anterior wings opaque, fuscous, densely varied with gray, margin and veins marked with white points ; pterostigma triangular ; posterior wings a little smoky, costal margin at the apex interruptedly white and fuscous.
Length to tip of wings 4^ millim. Expanse of anterior wings 8 millim.
Hob. Washington (Osten Sacken, 1857).
* * Discoidal cellule open, absent.
3. P. signatus !
Psocus signatus Hagen !
Blackish-fuscous ; eyes globose, distant, prominent ; nasus blackish-fuscous, lineated with gray ; front each side anteriorly with an oblique band, and a whitish yellow point upon the occiput ; thorax margined with yellow; abdomen luteous; feet luteous, tarsi blackish-fuscous ; wings hyaline, veins fuscous, pterostigma narrow, linear, blackish-fuscous, posterior margin at base fuscous; cellule at the posterior margin free, elliptically triangular.
Length to tip of wings 5 millim. Expanse of anterior wings 9 millim.
Hob. New York.
It is very much like Psocus immunis Stephens (naso, Kambur), but differs a little in the reticulation of the wings. Is it distinct ?
4. P. pumilis !
Psocus pumilis Hagen !
Pale luteous ; nasus brassy-fuscous, obsoletely lineated with gray ; front with a medial, longitudinal, blackish-fuscous stripe, two incurved fuscous lines at the eyes ; thorax marked with fus- cous ; the feet pale luteous ; anterior wings pale grayish hyaline, pterostigma, interrupted basal band and the margin behind the
10 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
base fuscous, veins fuscous ; pterostigma short, rounded ; cellule of the posterior margin free, elliptical.
Length to tip of wings 3d millim. Expanse of anterior wings 6 millim.
Hal>. New York.
\ f Tarsi tivo-articulate.
* Discoidal cellule closed, quadrangular.
5. P. venosus !
Psocus renosus Burm.! II, 778, 10; Walk. Catal. 484, 9. — Ps. magnus Walk.! Catal. 484, 10. — Ps. microphthalmus Ramb. Neur. 321, 6. — Ps. aceris Fitcli! MSS. Collection of de Selys Longcliamps.
Fuscous; head brassy, antennos blackish-fuscous (in the male rather thicker, pilose), the two basal articulations luteous ; thorax margined with yellow ; the feet luteous, tarsi fuscous ; anterior wings fuscous or blackish-fuscous, pterostigma triangular, yellow- ish ; basal veins yellowish, apical ones fuscous ; posterior wings smoky-hyaline.
Length to tip of wings 6 — 8 millim. Expanse of anterior wings 12—15 millim.
Hob. New York (Winthem, Asa Fitch, Uhler) ; Washington {Osten Sacken, 1858) ; Mount Pleasant, Ohio ; Mexico (Deppe) ; Cuba (Riehl, Poey) ; Maryland (Uhler).
Specimens communicated by Baron Osten Sacken are a little smaller, blacker, with the apex of the tibiae black ; but they belong to this species.
6. P. contaminatus !
Psocus contaminatus Hagen !
Fuscous; nasus yellow, scarcely lineated with obscure brown; the front luteous, two occipital spots, two at the nasus and two at the ocelli black ; antenna? rather slender, fuscous ; thorax black, margined with yellow ; the feet luteous, knees and tarsi fuscous ; wings hyaline, pterostigma triangular, blackish-fuscous ; apical margin with a large band attaining to the inferior angle of the pterostigma and a spot upon the middle of the posterior margin, cloudy-fuscous ; posterior wings hyaline.
Length to tip of wings 7 millim. Expanse of anterior wings 13 millim.
PSOCUS. 11
Hal. New York ; Maryland (Uhler) ; Washington (Osten Sacken) ; Yera Cruz, Mexico (Salle).
7. P. novae scotiae !
Psocus novae scotise Walk. Catal. 485, 12. — Psocus crataegi Fitch. Col- lection of de Selys Longchamps.
Blackish-fuscous ; head pale yellow, two spots upon the occiput and two at the eyes black ; front fuscous in the middle ; antenna? black ; thorax black, margined with yellow ; feet testaceous, tibia? at apex and tarsi pitchy ; wings hyaline, anterior ones with four fuscous spots, one at the pterostigma, another at the apex, the rest at the posterior margin, the basal one joined to an obscure spot ; veins black.
Length to tip of wings 6 millim. Expanse of anterior wings 12 millim.
Hob. Nova Scotia (Redman) ; New York (Asa Fitch).
8. P. moestus !
Psocus moestus Hag.!
Brownish-black, spotted with yellow ; nasus yellow, lineated with fuscous, and fuscous in front ; occiput yellow, varied with fuscous, antennce rather slender, pale, the two basal articulations fuscous ; apex yellow ; thorax and abdomen brownish-black ; femora fus- cous, knees yellow, tibia? pale, their apex and the tarsi fuscous ; wings milky-hyaline, densely spread with small fuscous points, veins fuscous, basal ones yellow; pterostigma triangular, the in- ternal angle yellow.
Length to tip of wings 4^ millim. Expanse of anterior wings 8 millim.
Hub. Dalton, Georgia (Osten Sacken).
9. P. striatus !
Psocus striatus Walk.! Catal. 486, 16.
Pallid ; nasus yellow lineated with black ; front yellow, a band upon the middle and punctiform lines at the eyes black ; eyes of the male globose, prominent, rather approximate ; antennas fus- cous, two basal articulations pale ; antenna? of the male thicker, the seta hairy ; thorax black marked with yellow ; abdomen yellow, a black fascia upon the middle; feet pallid, femora fuscous above,
12 NEUROPTERA OP NORTH AMERICA.
tarsi fuscous ; wings hyaline, pterostigma large triangular, acute, fuscous, internal angle paler ; posterior margin at base and a discoidal nebula fuscous ; posterior wings hyaline.
Length to tip of wings 6£ millim. Expanse of anterior wings 2 millim.
Hal). Nova Scotia (Redman) ; New York, Washington (Osten Sacken, 1857) ; Pennsylvania (Zimmerman).
10. P. quietus !
Psocus quietus Hag.!
Luteous ; the nasus luteous lineated with black, a spot at base and two anteriorly black; front luteous varied with black; antenna? pale ; thorax black ; feet pale luteous, tibia? at base and apex obscurer ; wings hyaline, veins luteous, pterostigma triangular, inferior angle rounded, obscure.
Length to tip of wings 5 millim. Expanse of anterior wings 9 millim.
Hob. New York; Dalton, Georgia (Osten Sackeu).
* * Discoidal cellule open, absent.
11. P. mobilis !
Psocus mobilis Hag.!
Pale brown, hairy ; wings hyaline, pterostigma narrow, ovate ; cellule at the posterior margin free, elliptical.
Length to tip of wings 2| millim. Expanse of anterior wings 4f millim.
Hal). Cuba (von Winthem). Described from a single damaged specimen.
12. P. madidus !
Psocus madidus Hag.!
Pale luteous ; nasus brassy fuscous, lineated with obscure gray, two spots upon the occiput and a third upon the front black; antenna? pallid ; tibia? obscurer at base ; wings pale gray, with two paler obsolete bands, the veins luteous; pterostigma narrow, ovate; no posterior marginal cellule.
Length to tip of wings 3j millim. Expanse of anterior wings 6 millim.
Hab. New York ; Dalton, Georgia (Osten Sacken).
PSOCUS. 13
13. P. abruptus !
Psocus abruptus Hag.!
Brown, hairy ; head and thorax brassy ; antenna very slender, whitish, the apical joints infuscate at their tip ; posterior femora fuscous, whitish at apex ; anterior wings brown with a brassy re- flection, a narrow, transverse, hyaline band before the apex, veins ciliated : pterostigrna elongated, ovate ; no cellule at the posterior rnaugin ; posterior wings grayish-hyaline. (Female.)
Length to tip of wings 4 millim. Expanse of anterior wings 7 millim.
Hob. Washington ; Dalton, Georgia (Osten Sackeu).
14. P. corruptus !
Psocus corruptus Hag.!
Pale brown, hairy ; head and thorax brassy; eyes rather promi- nent, globose, front narrower than in the preceding; antennte thicker, hairy, seta fuscous, all the articulations pale at base ; feet pale ; anterior wings shining brassy-brown, pterostigma brown ; a spot before the apex, upon the costal margin and a discoidal cloud, grayish-hyaline ; veins with fuscous cilia ; posterior wings grayish- hyaline. (Male.)
Length to tip of wings 4 millim. Expanse of anterior wings 7 millim.
Hal. Washington (Osten Sacken, 1858) ; Dalton, Georgia (Osten Sacken).
Reticulation of the wings as in the preceding. Is it the other sex of that species ?
The reticulation in Ps. abruptus and Ps. corruptus is abnormal, and may constitute a distinct subgenus, or rather genus.
15. P. salicis !
Psocus salicis Fitch ! Collection of de Selys Longcharnps.
Very small, brown; head and thorax brassy; month yellow; eyes very small, front broad ; antenna? very slender, villose, apex obscurer ; feet pale ; wings hyaline, veins brown ; pterostigma hyaline, anteriorly truncated ; posterior marginal_cellule elliptical.
Length to tip of wings H millim. Expanse of wings 3 millim.
Hub. New York (Asa Fitch).
14 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
16. P. aurantiacus !
Psocus aurantiacus Hag.!
Orange-colored, shining ; head bright orange, occiput in the middle dusky ; antennas pale, brownish-black at the apex ; thorax orange with four cloudy spots upon the dorsum ; feet yellow, tarsi fuscous at the apex ; abdomen yellow ; wings yellowish-hyaline, pterostigma bright yellowish green ; veins yellow, apical ones fuscous ; cellule of the posterior margin orbicular. (Female.).
Length to tip of wing 3j millim. Expanse of wings 6 millim.
Hob. Dalton, Georgia (Osten Sacken).
FAM. IV. PERLINA.
Body depressed, elongated, parallel; prothorax large; an- tennas long, setaceous; wings unequal, posterior ones broader ; tarsi three-articulate.
•j- Two abdominal setce.
* Wings charged with many irregular transverse veins.
PTERONARCYS NEWMAN.
Winys densely net-veined ; palpi setaceous ; mandibles mem- branaceous. This genus is very abnormal on account of its imago being furnished with external branchiae.
1. P. proteus!
Pteronarcys proteus Newman! Entoin. Mag. V, 177, 3. Walk.! Catal. 139, 1. Gosse, Canadian Naturalist, fig. — , p. 232.
Fuscous, head broader than the prothorax ; antennas paler at base ; sides of the prothorax emarginate, a little broader poste- riorly, an interrupted yellow line upon the middle. (Is it so always?) Feet yellowish-fuscous, knees yellow; abdomen beneath yellowish; the caudal seta? luteous, paler at base ; <£ last ventral segment yellowish, narrower, sparsely punctured ; 9 ? antepenultimate seg- ment truncated, armed with two distant, conical, yellowish append- ages ; wings pale grayish-hyaline, veins fuscous, clouded.
Length to tip of wings 38 — 48 millim. Expanse of wings 73 — 90 millim.
Hob. Trenton Falls, Xew York (Doubleday) ; Mackenzie River district (Richardson) ; North Red River (Robt. Kennicott).
PTERONARCYS. 15
2. P. regalis !
Pteronarcys regalis Newrn.! Entorn. Mag. V, 176, 1. Newm.! Annals Nat. Hist. XIII, 21. Pictet, Perlides, 134. Ann. Sci. Nat. I, 183. Newport ! Trans. Linn. Soc. XX, p. 425 ; tab. xxi, fig. 1—11 ; 14— 17. Froriep, Notiz. XXX, 179. Walker! Catal. 140, 3. P. proteus Pictet, Perl. 128, 1 ; tab. xxix, fig. 1—6. Ramb. Neuropt. p. 449.
Fuscous, head as broad as the prothorax ; antennas pitchy ; sides of the prothorax emarginate, not broader behind, a narrow, yellow line upon the middle ; feet fuscous ; abdomen fuscous, apex yellowish ; caudal setas fuscous, at base yellowish ; £ last ventral segment yellowish ; 9 antepenultimate segment produced, in the middle a broad, quadrangular excision ; wings grayish-hyaline, before the apex a little clouded with fuscous, veins fuscous.
Length to tip of wings 44 — 48 millim. Expanse of wings 76
84 millim.
Hal>. Canada ; Mackenzie and Slave River districts (Richard- son) ; St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay (Barnston) ; Philadelphia.
3. P. biloba!
Pteronarcys biloba Newm.! Entom. Mag. V, 176, 2. Pictet, Perl. 135. Walk.! Catal. 140, 3.
Brownish-black; head narrower than the prothorax ; prothorax not emarginated at the sides, posteriorly a little broadened, a line upon the middle yellow ; feet brownish-black ; abdomen brownish- black, beneath in the middle with a broad, yellowish band ; caudal setas brownish-black ; 9 antepenultimate ventral segment blackish- brown, produced, incised in the middle ; wings grayish-hyaline, before the apex a little clouded with fuscous, veins fuscous.
Length to tip of wings 46 millim. Expanse of wings 84 millim.
Hob. Trenton Falls ; St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hud- son's Bay (Barnston) ; Minnesota (Osten Sacken).
I have seen the typical specimens in the British Museum ; but I am not certain whether the female from Minnesota belongs here.
4. P. 110 bills !
Pteronarcys nobilis Hagen !
Black, head broader than the prothorax ; antenna? black ; pro- thorax quadrangular, sides straight, a yellow line narrowed in the middle; feet black ; abdomen black, beneath with a broad orange
16 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
band ; caudal setas black, piceous at base ; £ last ventral segment deep black ; 9 antepenultimate one truncated, orange, two short setiform appendages ? (they cannot be clearly seen) ; wings gray- ish-hyaline, clouded with fuscous, veins fuscous.
Length to tip of wings 31 — 34 inillim. Expanse of wings 55 — 66 raillim.
Hab. New York.
Does the "smaller, new species" from Sherbrooke, Lower Canada (Gosse, Canadian Naturalist), belong here ?
5. P. californica.
Pteronarr.ys californicus Newp.! Trans. Linn. Soc. XX, 450. Proceed. Linn. Soc. I, 388. Walk.! Catal. 140, 5.
Fuscous ; labrurn, clypeus and front rufous ; prothorax with an interrupted, yellow line upon the middle ; abdomen orange-yellowish, the sides fuscous, the last ventral segment broad, pilose, the apex deeply incised ; caudal sette at base yellow ; antennae and feet black ; wings with obscure black veins, pterostigmal spot absent.
(Description taken from that of Mr. Newport.) (Male.)
Almost the size of P. proteus.
Hab. California (Hartweg).
I saw the species in the British Museum, but I am not now able to furnish a more accurate description.
6. P. insignis.
Kollaria insignis Pictet, Perl. 123 ; tab. iv, fig. 1 — 8. Walker, Catal. 138,1.
Fuscous; head equal in width to prothorax ; prothorax quadran- gular, on middle a yellow line ; abdomen black, segments margined behind with yellow; feet yellowish-brown, knees yellowish ; caudal set£e fuscous, yellow at base ; 9 antepenultimate ventral segment truncated, two very short setiform appendages? (from the figure) ; wings grayish-hyaline, before the apex clouded with fuscous ; maxillary palpi very long.
(Description taken from the description and figure of Pictet.)
Length to tip of wings 53 millim. Expanse of wings 86 millim.
Hab. The locality unknown. Yienna Museum. It has the habitus of an American insect. I have not seen the typical spe- cimen : from the figure and description of Pictet it seems to be a Pteronarcys. The generic character is derived from the length of
PERLA. 17
the maxillary palpi : it is, however, of doubtful importance. The species, perhaps, is P. biloba.
* * Wings with few, but rather regular, transverse veins.
PERLA GEOFFEOT.
Wings veiny, transverse veins few, very regular; posterior wings with the anal space large, plicated ; palpi setaceous ; two caudal setas.
O The submarginal, apical space of the anterior wings with some transverse veins. Subgenus Acroneuria Pictet.
1. P. abnormis !
Perla abnormis Newm.! Entom. Mag. V, 177. Pict. Perl. 180, 12. Walker! Catal. 147, 21.— P. arenosa Pict.! Perl. 178, 11; tab. x, fig. 1—2. Walker, Catal. 147, 19.— P. pennsylvanica Ramb.! Neuropt. 456, 13. -P. internata Walker! Catal. 152, 41.— P. trijuncta Walker! Catal. 153, 43. — P. sonans Barnston, Newport, Linn. Trans. XX, 447.
Yellowish-fuscous; the head broader than the prothorax, luteous, obscure in the middle ; the antennas fuscous,' the second articulation and sometimes the following ones luteous; prothorax narrower posteriorly, the angles acute, sides straight, surface rugulose, the middle line scarcely more distinct ; the feet luteous, knees fuscous ; abdomen beneath yellowish, setas fuscous, densely pilose; g last ventral segment large ovate, with a round, polished spot ; ' 9 ante- penultimate ventral segment slightly rounded, produced; wings subhyaline, veins clay-yellow; the vein accessory to the subcosta four-forked, some transverse veins.
Length to tip of wings, ^ 27 ; 9, 35 millim. Alar expanse c? 50; 9, 60 millim.
Hob. St. Lawrence River (Barnston) ; Philadelphia, Pa. (Pic- tet) ; Trenton Falls (Osten Sacken) ; Georgia (Abbot) ; South Illinois (Robt. Kennicott) ; Maryland (Uhler).
I have seen a specimen from Mexico (Muehlenpford, in the Berlin Museum), which was paler, with many transverse veins, and the antepenultimate segment produced elliptically. Is it a distinct species ?
18 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
2 P. ruralis!
P. ruralis Hagen !
Testaceous ; head broader than the prothorax, a curved fuscous line in front ; antenna? fusco-testaceous, the second articulation and some of the following ones luteous ; the prothorax quadran- gular, short, equal, rugulose, angles rather obtuse ; feet testaceous, knees fuscous ; abdomen beneath yellowish, setae yellowish, behind the base banded with fuscous, hardly pilose ; 9 antepenultimate ventral segment a little rounded, produced, before the apex a linear transverse tubercle; wings sub-hyaline, the veins luteous; anterior wings with the subcostal accessory veinlet five-branched, transverse veins very numerous. (Female.)
Length to tip of wings 31 milliin. Alar expanse 57 millim.
Hob. St. Louis.
3. P. arida!
Perla arida Hagen !
0
Yellowish-fuscous ; head broader than the prothorax, yellowish, clouded with fuscous anteriorly ; antenna? fuscous, second articula- tion yellowish ; prothorax narrower posteriorly, angles acute, sides straight, rugulose, middle line yellowish ; the feet luteous, knees fuscous ; the abdomen beneath luteous ; setse pilose, yellow, arti- culations of the tip fuscous at their apex ; g last ventral segment large, ovate ; 9 antepenultimate ventral segment with a middle lamina narrow at base and at the apex two-lobed ; wings sub- hyaline, veins fuscous ; anterior wings with the subcostal accessory vein three-branched, transverse ones few.
Length to tip of wings 23 J1, 28 9 millim. Alar expanse 43 J, 53 9 millim.
Hub. New York, Philadelphia.
Is this not P. arenosa Pictet, tab. x, fig. 2, from Philadelphia?
O O Submarginal space of the anterior wings not charged with transverse veins.
a. Subcostal accessory veinlet of the anterior wings with four incurved branches. Subgenus Isoyenus Newm. Nephelion Pict.
4. P. frontalis !
Isogenus frontalis Newm.! Entom. Mag. V, 178. Mag. Nat. Hist. Ill, 25. — Nephelion frontalis Pict. Perl. 172, 8 ; tab. viii, fig. 10—11. Walk.! Catal. 144, 10.— Perla bicaudata Kirby, Fn. Bor. Am. 252.
PERLA. 19
Blackish-fuscous ; head hardly broader than the prothorax, an occipital spot and a frontal one in the shape of a Y, yellow ; pro- thorax quadrangular, rugulose, sides straight, a yellow stripe upon the middle, angles acute ; feet yellowish-fuscous, knees blackish- brown banded with yellow ; abdomen fuscous, apex beneath yel- lowish ; the setas pilose, luteous ; 9 antepenultimate ventral seg- ment slightly, but broadly excised ; wings hyaline, anterior ones with a medial costal, hardly conspicuous, fuscous cloud ; veins blackish-brown. (Female.)
Length to tip of wings 24 millim. Alar expanse 42 millim.
Hdb. St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay (Barn- ston) ; Latitude 68° (Richardson) ; Trenton Falls, and Ohio (Schaum).
I possess a 9 specimen, taken at the same place, Ohio, most resembling this, but the incisure of the antepenultimate segment differs a little ; being narrower and longer. Perhaps distinct.
5. P. clio.
Isogenus clio Newrn. Mag. Nat. Hist, new ser. Ill, 86, 7. Walker Catal.
146, 17.
"Fuscous, head laterally around the eyes yellowish ; prothorax with a median, longitudinal, yellow line; abdomen testaceous." — Walker.
Halt. Georgia (Abbot). Unknown to me.
6. P. drymo.
Isogenus drymo Newm. Mag. Nat. Hist, new ser. Ill, 86, 6. Walker Catal. 146, 18.
" Fuscous, head testaceous, clypeus and a quadrate spot behind it fuscous ; prothorax fuscous, marked with two large bright testa- ceous spots ; base of the femora paler." — Walker.
Hub. Georgia (Abbot).
Unknown to me.
7. P. aurantiaca ! P. aurantiaca Hag.!
Orange-luteous ; head with two ocelli : prothorax narrower be- hind, sides straight, surface rugulose, angles acute; last ventral segment short, produced in the middle ; wings subhyaline, orange- yellowish, veins orange ; accessory veinlet three-branched.
20 NEUROPTERA OP NORTH AMERICA.
Length to tip of wings 18 millim. Alar expanse 35 millim. Hob. Mexico. The unique type is vei'y defective.
a a Accessory subcostal veinlet of the anterior wings, two- branched. Subgenus Perla Pictet. (Apical costal space with some transverse veins.)
8. P. dorsata.
Sialis dorsata Say, Godman's Western Quart. Rep. 1823, II, 164, 1.
"Black varied with rufous ; head blackish, with about six blacker spots ; beneath pale yellowish, labrura pale ; palpi black ; pro- thorax blackish, with impressed blacker lines, anterior and poste- rior incisures and dorsal vitta rufous, angles rather prominent, a pale obsolete line from the base of the thorax to the abdomen, be- neath yellowish, disk of the segments black ; trochanters yellowish; abdomen black, segments above with yellow posterior margins, venter pale yellow; nervures of the wings deep black." — Say (amended, Uhler).
Length to tip of wings 50 millim. (If inches). Alar expanse 80 millim.?
Nab. Ohio River, Pittsburg ; "common in May." — Say.
Unknown to me.
9. P. Coulonii.
Perla Coulonii Pictet, Pe$l. 212, 22 ; PL x, fig. 4. Walk. Catal. 150, 32.
"Black; head broad, the sides and occiput luteous ; beneath luteous; the prothorax large, fuscous, very rugnlose, the disk obscurer; abdomen paler fuscous; setre rather short, fuscous; wings fusco-hyaline, veins fuscous, stout." — Pict.
Length to tip of wings 46 millim. Alar expanse 7t millim.
Hab. United States. Unknown to me. Perhaps P. dorsata?
Is it different from Walker's species, captured at the " Macken- zie and Slave Rivers ?"
10. P. immarginata.
Sialis immarginata Say, Godman's West. Quart. Rep. II, 164, 2.
" Black varied with yellow, or yellow varied with black ; eyes deep black-brown ; prothorax transversely quadrangular, posterior angles a little rounded, disk a little rugose, with impressed irregu- lar lines, an impressed dorsal line, and each side of it a slightly
PERLA. 21
x
arcuated one ; beneath yellow ; wings obscure, veins fuscous, im- marginate.
"It varies very much in coloring, being generally entirely yellow beneath, and sometimes upon the tergum. The thorax has some- times a yellow dorsal line, and sometimes a black one." — Say.
Length to tip of wings 9 30 millim. ("more than one inch"). Male smaller.
Hob. Ohio River: "common in May" (Say). Unknown to me.
Perhaps a unique male from Washington (Osten Sacken) be- longs to this species.
11. P.'lurida!
Perla lurida Hag.!
Testaceous, varied with yellowish ; head hardly broader than the prothorax, yellowish, a broad fuscous stripe upon the middle excised in front and drawn out into a semilunar form posteriorly ; antennas testaceous ; prothorax quadrangular, narrower posteriorly, testa- ceous, rugulose, sides a little incurved, anterior angles acute, pos- terior ones a little rounded ; feet testaceous, knees fuscous, under- neath yellowish ; body beneath yellowish, seta3 testaceous-yellow, base of the venter pale yellow ; antepenultimate ventral segment a little produced, triangularly emarginate in the middle ; wings tes- taceo-hyaline, veins fusco-testaceous. (Female.)
Length to tip of wings 33 millim. 9 Alar expanse 62 millim.
Hob. New Orleans (Pfeiffer).
12. P. lycorias !
Perla lycorias Newm. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, III, 85. Pict. Perl. 214. Walk. Catal. 152, 40.
Testaceous-yellow ; head broader than the prothorax, orange- yellow, a transverse, trilobed, brownish-testaceous band ; anteriorly and posteriorly clouded with fuscous; antennae brownish-testaceous, base yellowish, first articulation brownish-black ; prothorax quad- rangular, hardly narrower posteriorly, sides straight, angles acute ; its color orange-yellow, with fuscous rugula3, a middle line brown- ish-black ; feet testaceous, knees and the tibia? externally, fuscous ; beneath yellowish, seta? fusco-testaceous, pilose; <£ , last ventral segment larger, rounded, furnished with a transverse, ovate, flat, polished tubercle ; 9 , antepenultimate segment with an elliptical middle lobe ; wings subhyaline, veins fusco-testaceous.
%*&>
22 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
Length to tip of wings 21 — 28 millim. Alar expanse 42 — 52 millim.
Sab. New York (Trenton Falls). Is this the true P. lycorias Newm. ?
13. P. tristis !
Perla tristis Hag.!
Fusco-piceous ; head broader than the prothorax, fusco-piceous, two points anteriorly and two upon the middle yellow ; antenna? piceous, base beneath and second articulation paler ; prothorax quadrangular, posteriorly narrower, fusco-piceous, rugulose, shining, sides a little oblique, posterior angles hardly rounded, anterior ones acute ; the feet luteous, exteriorly fusco-piceous ; abdomen piceous, base beneath yellow ; seta? fuscous ; £ last ventral segment larger, triangular, incurved ; £ antepenultimate segment truncated ; wings smoky brownish, costal margin obscurer, veins fuscous. (Male small.)
Length to tip of wings IT — 25 millim. Alar expanse 32 — 44 millim.
Hob. Trenton Falls, New York ; "Washington (Osten Sacken).
14. P. capitata.
Perla capitata Pict. Perl. 214, 23 ; tab. xviii, fig. 4, 5. Walker Catal. 150, 31.
Fuscous ; head broader than the prothorax, luteous, the disk and anterior portion black ; prothorax quadrangular, narrower behind, rugulose, fuscous ; abdomen luteous, obscurer at the apex ; seta? luteous, apex fuscous ; feet luteous, exteriorly and tarsi fus- cous, knees with a black band ; wings fusco-hyaliue, veins black- brown. J1 (The diagnosis is from the figure and description of Pictet.)
Length to tip of wings 20 millim. Alar expanse 29 millim.
Hab. United States. Unknown to me.
15. P. annulipes !
PeHa annulipes Hagen !
Brown varied with yellow ; head a little broader than the pro- thorax, brown, occiput, two median spots and a transverse fascia in front yellow ; antenna? dusky, two basal articulations pale yel- low ; prothorax quadrangular, narrower behind, sides oblique, angles acute ; brown, rugulose upon the surface, shining, anteriorly
PERL A. 23
margined with yellow ; feet yellow, a fuscous ring upon the femora at base, knees, tibiae externally and tarsi fuscous ; abdomen above brown, segments margined with yellow ; beneath yellow, middle of the base obscure ; seta? yellow at base (the remainder is broken off) ; 9 antepenultimate ventral segment, middle lobe, short, broad, rounded, infuscated ; wings grayish-subhyaline, costal margin a little yellowish, veins testaceous. (Female.)
Length to tip of wings 18 millim. Alar expanse 34 millim.
Hob. Washington (Osten Sackeu, 185*7). Is this P. capitata Pictet ?
16. P. postica!
Perla postica Walker Catal. 144, 11.
Black ; head equal to the prothorax, black, a spot upon the occipital middle, which is hastiform and sometimes two anteriorly orange-yellow ; antenna? black ; .prothorax transverse, quadran- gular, short, black, rugulose, an orange stripe upon the middle, sides straight, angles acute ; feet brownish-black ; abdomen black, beneath in the middle yellowish ; seta? black ; <g last ventral seg- ment larger, ovate, fuscous ; 9 antepenultimate segment large, triangularly ovate, fuscous ; wings grayish-subhyaliue, veins fus- cous.
Length to tip of wings 15 — 20 millim. Alar expanse 28 — 34 millim.
Hob. Louisiana (Schaum); Mackenzie River (Richardson).
I do not know whether this is the same with Walker's species or not. It is some time since I examined his specimens in the British Museum.
The words in Mr. Walker's diagnosis, "prothorax produced into an acute angle, or short horn on each side by the foreaugle," are erroneous, and they are accordingly omitted here.
17. P. olivacea !
Perla olivacea Walk. Catal. 144, 12.
Fuscous ; head hardly broader than the prothorax, fuscous, ful- vous in front with a large occipital, trilobed, transverse spot ; an- tenna? fuscous, fulvous at base ; prothorax transverse, quadrangular, shorter, fuscous, rugulose, a broad, yellow middle stripe; sides straight, anterior and posterior margin a little rounded ; the feet fuscous, beneath and tibia? luteous ; abdomen fuscous; seta? luteous,
24 • NEUROPTERA OP NORTH AMERICA.
pilose ; <£ with last ventral segment luteous, larger, oval ; wings small, shorter than the abdomen, subhyaline, veins fuscous.
Length of body 9 millim.
Hdb. Arctic America. St. Martin's Falls, Albany River (Barnston), Is this "Walker's species ?
18. P. media.
Perla media Walker Catal. 145, 13.
Black ; head broader than the prothorax, black, the sides, poste- rior margin and two spots yellowish-brown ; prothorax quadran- gular, black, rugulose, with a middle sulcus; narrower posteriorly, anterior angles acute, posterior ones rounded ; wings subcinereous, veins black.
Length to tip of wings? 20 inillim. Alar expanse 36 millim.
Hob. St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay (Barn- ston). Unknown to rne. Is it not P. immarginata ?
19. P. aethiops.
Perla xthiops Walk. Catal. 154, 45.
Black ; head hardly broader than the prothorax, black ; pro- thorax quadrangular, narrower behind, black, . subrngulose, sub- sulcated, sides convex, angles subacute ; wings blackish-fuscous, veins black. (The diagnose is taken from that of Walker.)
Length to tip of wings ? 24 millim. Alar expanse 40 millim.
Hob. Mexico (Hartweg). Unknown to me. Is it not P. trislis?
20. P. cincta.
Perla cincta Pict. Perl. 229 ; tab. xx, fig. 5. Walk. Catal. 156, 50.
Black varied with yellow ; head broader than the prothorax, black, in front yellow ; antennas black, the basal article fuscous ; prothorax transverse, angles rounded, sides straight, surface sub- rugose, black, margined with yellow, the anterior margin broader, upon the middle a yellow stripe ; abdomen and seta? fuscous; the feet luteous, streak of the femora, and the knees black, tibia? at base and tarsi black ; wings tinged with yellowish, semihyaline, veins orange-yellow. (From the figure and description of Pictet.)
Length to tip of wings 30 millim. Alar expanse 50 inillini.
Hab. Yera Cruz. Unknown to me.
21. P. nigrocincta !
Perla nigrocincta Pict.! Perl. 236, 34 ; tab. xxii, fig. 5—8. Walker, Catal. 158, 56.
PERL A. 25
Yellow varied with fuscous ; head as wide as prothorax, yel- low, disk brownish-black, only two ocelli ; antennae fuscous ; pro- thorax yellow, rugulose, externally the half each side fuscous, sulcus upon the middle fuscous ; posteriorly narrower, in front and sides rounded, anterior angles subacute, posterior ones rounded ; feet yellow, knees, tibiaa and tarsi externally fuscous ; abdomen yellow ; setae yellow ; <£ last ventral segment large, ovate ; wings fusco-subhyaline, costal margin somewhat yellowish, veins testa- ceous. (Male.)
Length to tip of wings 18 ( — 22) millim. Alar expanse 33 ( — 41) millim.
Hob. Mexico (Koppe); Cordova (Saussure).
22. P. dilaticollis!
Perla dilaticollis Burm.! II, 880, 7. Pict.I Perl. 240,36; tab. xsiii, fig. 5—10. Walk. Catal. 158, 58.
Yellow varied with brown ; head wide as the prothorax, yellow, in front clouded with fulvous : ocelli only two, black ; the antennas brown, the base luteous ; prothorax narrower behind, anteriorly rounded, rugulose, brown, a broad, yellowish middle vitta, sides oblique, anterior angles rounded ; feet yellowish, knees and tibiaa externally a little infuscated ; abdomen and setaa yellowish ; <£ last ventral segment large, ovate ; ? antepenultimate ventral segment truncate ? wings testaceo-subhyaline, veins testaceous, accessory subcostal vein incurved.
Length to tip of wings 10 — 13 millim. Alar expanse 20 — 2T millim.
Hal. Mexico ; Columbia ; Brazil ; North America (Museum Vienna). I have not seen the Mexican specimens.
23. P. litura.
Perla litura Pict. Perl. 242, 37 ; tab. xxiv, fig. 1—3. Walk. Catal. 159, 59.
Yellow varied with brown ; head as wide as the prothorax, brown, margined with black, only two ocelli, antennas blackish ; prothorax brown, rugulose, a broad middle yellow stripe ; broad, narrower behind, in front rounded, anterior angles rounded, sides oblique ; feet yellowish, knees, tibiae externally and apical ring, and tarsi fuscous ; abdomen and seise yellow ; wings grayish-subhyaline, costal margin obscurer, veins fuscous. (Taken from the figure and description of Pictet.)
26 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
Xength to tip of wings 11 inillim. Alar expanse 20 rnillim. Hal. Mexico. I have not seen it. Is it not P. dilaticollis ?
24. P. similis !
Perla similis Hagen !
Fuscous varied with fulvous ; head as wide as the prothorax, fus- cous, sides fulvous, antennae blackish-fuscous ; prothorax quadran- gular, transverse, rugulose, fuscous, a broad fulvous stripe upon the middle, sides straight, anteriorly and posteriorly somewhat rounded, angles subacute ; feet fuscous ; abdomen fuscous, apex above bright fulvous ; yellowish-brown below ; sets blackish-fus- cous ; 9 antepenultimate ventral segment truncated ; wings smoky- hyaline, costal margin obscurer, veins deep fuscous. (Female.)
Length to tip of wings 14 rnillim. Alar expanse 23 millim.
Hah. Pennsylvania and Maryland (Uhler).
25. P. xanthenes.
Perla xanthenes Newm. Entom. Mag. V, 178. Mag. Nat. Hist. 2d ser. Ill, 35, 3. Pict. Perl. 245, 38 ; tab. xxi, fig. 3, 4. Walker, Catal. 159, 60.
Body entirely pale yellow ; head hardly broader than the pro- thorax, with a fuscous spot, ocelli black ; prothorax quadrangular, rugulose, posteriorly a little narrower, angles subacute ; apex of the femora hardly annulated with fuscous ; apex of the abdomen fuscous; wings pale yellowish, subhyaline; veins pale yellow. (Taken from the figure and description of Pictet.) (Female.)
Length to tip of wings ? 27 millim. Expanse of wings 41 millim.
Hob. Pennsylvania ; Georgia (Abbot).
26. P. annulicauda.
Perla annulicauda Pict. Perl. 249, 40 ; tab. xxii, fig. 1 — 4. Walk. Catal. 160, 64.
Lurid ; head as wide as the prothorax, lurid, disk obscurer, ante- riorly a pale siuuated nebulous stripe, ocelli (two?) posterior ones banded with black, prothorax short, rugulose, lurid, rugulae paler ; sides and angles rounded ; the abdomen luteous, the sette luteous annulated with black ; the feet luteous, femora above, knees, base and apex of the tibite and apex of the tarsi fuscous ; wings yel- lowish-gray, semihyaline, apex of the costal margin obscurer, veins luteous. (Taken from the figure and description of Pictet.)
PERL A. 27
Length to tip of wings 22 raillim. Alar expanse 29 — 38 millim. Hob. Mexico ; Brazil. Unknown to rne.
27. P. costalis.
Per/a costalis Pict. Perl. 264, 48 ; tab. xxiv, fig. 4. Walk. Catal. 162, 70.
Fuscous ; head broader than the prothorax, fuscous, in front rufescent ; antennae black ; prothorax quadrangular, black, middle reddish-rugulose, angles rounded, behind narrower ; abdomen yellowish-fuscous ; the setae fuscous, at base luteous ; feet yellow- ish, apex of the femora, tarsi, black, tibiae exteriorly fuscous ; wings fuscous, veins black, costal one golden-yellow. (Taken from the figure and description of Pictet.)
Length to tip of wings ? 18 millim. Alar expanse 21 millira.
Hob. Vera Cruz. Unknown to me.
28. P. occipitalis!
Perla occipitalis Pict. Perl. 254, 43 ; tab. xxvi, fig. 1 — 3. Walker, Catal. 160, 65.
Yellow varied with brown ; head broader than the prothorax, ocelli black, only two in number, surface between the ocelli black- ish-brown, remaining surface yellow, in front clouded with fulvous ; antennas brown, their base luteous, with the basal articulation blackish-fuscous at base, and at its apex luteous ; prothorax brown, rugulose, posteriorly narrower, anteriorly somewhat rounded, sides a little oblique, anterior angles acute ; feet yellow, exteriorly fus- cous ; abdomen and setaB yellowish ; 9 antepenultimate ventral segment truncated ; wings testaceo-subhyaline, costal space yel- lowish, veins testaceous ; accessory vein direct. (Female only seen.)
Length to tip of wings 15 millim. Alar expanse 21 millim.
Hob. Philadelphia ; New York ; Washington (Osten Sacken) ; Maryland (Uhler).
Yery similar to P. dilaticollis. In the specimen from Maryland the prothorax has a middle yellow stripe, anteriorly and posteriorly broadened.
29. P. picta.
Perla picta Pict. Perl. 261, 47 ; tab. xsvii, fig. 3, 8.
Yellowish-fulvous ; the head broader than the prothorax, lute- ous, a spot upon the middle triangular, and another irregular, between the ocelli black, ocelli three ; antennae yellowish, apex
28 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
fuscous ; prothorax at sides black, with a luteous medial line or broader fascia ; quadrangular, sides almost straight, angles some- what rounded; abdomen and setas luteous; wings hyaline, hardly obscured, veins fuscous. (Taken from the figure and description of Pictet.)
Length to tip of wings 16 — 18 millim. Alar expanse 27 — 32 millim.
Hob. North America. Unknown to me and a somewhat doubt- ful species.
30. P. placida !
Perla placida Hag.!
Yellowish-fulvous ; the head a little broader than the prothorax, luteous, in front clouded with fulvous, a large discoidal, quad- rangular black spot, three ocelli ; antennae fuscous, base yellow, basal article fuscous above ; prothorax rugulose, brown, posteriorly a little, anteriorly somewhat rounded, sides a little oblique, ante- rior angles acute ; the feet luteous, knees subfuscous ; the abdo- men and sette luteous ; <£ last ventral segment larger, ovate ; 9 antepenultimate one truncate ; wings pale testaceo-hyaline, costal space yellowish, veins testaceous.
Length to tip of wings 10 — 12 millim. Alar expanse IT — 23 millim.
Hob. New York; Washington (Osten Sacken, 1857). Very similar to P. occipitalis.
31. P. ephyre !
Chloroperla ephyre Newm.! Mag. Nat. Hist. 2d ser. Ill, 87, 5. Pictet. Perl. 283, 3. Walk.! Catal. 168, 91.
Yellowish fulvous ; head broader than the prothorax, yellowish- fulvous, ocelli three, joined together by a V-shaped brownish-black line, antennae fuscous, base hardly yellow, basal articulation ob- scurer ; prothorax yellowish-fulvous, rugulose, hardly narrower behind, anteriorly somewhat rounded, sides almost straight, ante- rior angles acute; feet yellowish, knees exteriorly a little dusky; abdomen yellowish ; setae yellowish, at apex fuscous ; 9 ante- penultimate ventral segment truncated ; wings pale testaceo-hya- liue, veins luteous, costal space slightly yellowish.
Length to tip of wings 15 millim. Alar expanse 25 millim.
Hal). Georgia (Abbot) ; New York ; New Orleans ; Berkeley Springs, Virginia (Osten Sacken).
PERLA. 29
32. P. clymene.
Chloroperla clymene Newm. Mag. Nat. Hist. 2d ser. Ill, 87, 4. Pict. Perl. 283, 4. Walk. Catal. 107, 87.
" Head yellow, eyes and ocelli black ; wings lightly tinged with fuscous, nervures all fuscous." — Newman.
Alar expanse 26 millira.
Hal. Georgia (Abbot). Unknown to me. Does it belong here?
Subgenus Chloroperla Pictet. (Costal, apical space with one transverse vein.)
33. P. Guerinii.
Perla Guerinii Pict. Perl. 279, 55 ; tab. xxx, fig. 6—8. Walk. Catal. 164, 77.
Black ; head as wide as the prothorax, black, a stripe upon the occiput yellow ; prothorax quadrangular, anteriorly narrower, rugulose, a stripe upon the middle yellow ; feet brown, femora and tibia? with a longitudinal line, and tarsi, black ; abdomen black, the last segment whitish-gray ; setce fuscous, pilose, base whitish; wings dusky subhyaline, veins dusky. (From the figure and de- scription of Pictet.)
Length to tip of wings 15 millim. Alar expanse 27 millim.
Jfab. ]STew Orleans. Unknown to me.
34. P. mactilata.
Perla maculata Pict. Perl. 280, 56; tab. xxx, fig. 9. Walker, Catal. 164, 78.
Black ; head as wide as the prothorax, yellow, disk broadly black ; prothorax black, with a yellow middle line, posteriorly narrower, sides rounded ; wings dusky, costal space obscurer, veins black. (From the figure and description of Pictet.)
Length to tip of wings 11 millim. Alar expanse 20 millim. •
Hob. Philadelphia. Unknown to me.
35. P. decolorata.
Perla decolorata Walker, Catal. 170, 98.
Pale testaceous ; head a little broader than the prothorax, pale testaceous, with an irregular, discoidal, black spot ; prothorax quadrangular, subrugose, a large fuscous spot each side, sides straight, angles subacute ; wings hyaline, veins black, testaceous at base. (From the description of Mr. Walker.)
30 NEUROPTERA OP NORTH AMERICA.
Alar expanse 27 millim.
Hab. Great Bear Lake (Richardson). Unknown to me.
36. P. deci'sa.
Perla decisa Walker, Catal. 170, 99.
Ferrugineous, shining ; head broader than the prothorax, testa- ceous, antennas fuscous ; prothorax square, rugulose, angles sub- acute ; wings gray, veins black.
Alar expanse 25 millira.
Hdb. St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay (Barn- ston).
37. P. bilineata !
Sialis bilineata Say, Godinan's Western Quarterly Reporter, II, 165, 4. — Chloroperla transmarina Newm.! Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, III, 87, 3. Newm.! Ent. Mag. V, 499. Walk. Catal. 161, 89. Pictet. Perl. 283, 2. Perla picta Walk. Catal. 161, 169.
Pale fuscous, varied with yellow ; head broader than the pro- thorax, with three ocelli ; surface yellow, two, anteriorly conjoined, semicircular, fuscous lines upon the disk, two straight fuscous lines before the discal ones ; antennas yellowish, apex fuscous, basal articulation dusky ; prothorax quadrangular, yellow, rugulose, each side with a broad fuscous stripe, sides straight, posteriorly hardly narrower, angles acute ; the feet luteous, knees, and exteriorly obscurer ; the abdomen and setas luteous, 9 antepenultimate ven- tral segment rounded at apex ; wings grayish-hyaline, exteriorly tinged with yellow, veins testaceous. (Female.)
Length to tip of wings 12 millim. Alar expanse 21 millim.
Hab. Canada ; Trenton Falls, New York ; Ohio (Schaum) ; " Cincinnati, 15th May : not rare" (Say).
38. P. several Perla sever a Hag.!
Pale yellow ; head hardly broader than the prothorax, pale yel- low, three black ocelli ; antennae pale yellow, apex obscurer ; pro- thorax quadrangular, rugulose, pale yellow, a narrow brown stripe upon the middle, sides straight, angles obtuse, rounded ; feet yel- lowish, exteriorly obscured, tarsi blackish fuscous ; abdomen ;
wings hyaline, veins fuscous, base and disk partly pallid.
Length to tip of wings 13 millim. Alar expanse 23 millim.
Hab. Island of Unga, Russian America.
ISOPTERYX. 31
39. P. citrinella.
Perla citrinella Newp. Proc. Linn. Soc. I, 388, 6. Kewp. Trans. Linn. Soc. XX, 540, 1. P. citrinella Walk. Catal. 169, 97.
Pale luteous ; the head as wide as the prothorax, ocelli fuscous ; antenna? fuscous, pale at base ; prothorax not broader behind, luteous, subrugulose, the anterior margin and middle line blackish, angles obtuse, sides incurved ; wings hyaline, veins pale. (From the description of Mr. Walker.)
Length to tip of wings(?) 13 millini. Alar expanse 23 millim.
Hob. St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay (Barn- ston) ; Nova Scotia (Redman.)
Unknown to me. The description of Mr. Newport differs a little : "antennae entirely black." The description of Mr. Walker was drawn from the typical specimen. Is it an Isopteryxt
40. P. imbecilla.
Sialis imbecilla Say, Godman's West. Quart. Rept. II, 165, 3.
Pale green, immaculate ; head with three fuscous ocelli, antennas rather obscurer, pilose ; prothorax transversely oval, rugulose ; wings greenish- white. (Taken from the description of Mr. Say.)
Length to tip of wings 9 millim. Alar expanse 16 millim.
Hal. Ohio River at Cincinnati. Common in the middle of May (Say). Unknown to me. Is it an Isopteryx ?
ISOPTERYX PICT.
Wings with the transverse veins rare, almost absent ; no basal space to the posterior wings; palpi setaceous, last articulation shortest.
1. I. cydippe !
Chloroperla cydippe Newm. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, III. 88, 8. Pict. Perl. 317. Walk. Catal. 168, 88.— Chi. sulphurea Fitch! (Collection of de Selys Longckarnps.)
Pale yellow, immaculate ; head hardly broader than the pro- thorax, three black ocelli ; antennae nigro-fuscous, base pallid : prothorax transversely oval, subrugulose, angles rounded ; feet pale, tarsi nigro-fuscous; wings greenish-hyaline, veins pale.
Length to tip of wings <^ 7 ? 9 millim. Alar expanse £ 13 9 16 millim.
32 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
Hdb. Georgia (Abbot); Trenton Falls, New York; Washington (Osteii Sacken, Asa Fitch). Is it not P. imbecilla?
CAPNIA PICTET.
Wings veiny, transverse veins very few and very regular ; anal area of the posterior wings large, plicate ; palpi filiform, last joint ovate, longer than the preceding one ; two setas.
1. C. pygmaea !
Semblis pygmaea Burm.! II, 874, l.(6) — Capnia pygmaea Pictet! Perl. 324, 2 ; tab. xl, fig. 1—3. Walk. Catal. 175, 2.—Perla nivicola Fitch ! Winter Insects of E. New York, 5, 3.
Black, shining, with gray hairs ; articulations of the antennae long ; prothorax rounded, subrugulose, in front with an impressed, curved line ; feet black, tibiae brown, at the apex pitchy, tarsi fuscous ; abdomen black ; seise with somewhat near 20 articulations, black, apex fuscous ; J1 wings rudimentary ; 9 wings pale, veins fuscous ; penis of the male long ; to the back of the abdomen two tubercles, placed before the apex of the penis.
Length to tip of wings 4| J", 9 9 millim. Alar expanse 16 9 millim.
Ilab. Pennsylvania (Zimmerman); Newfoundland. "New York, common in February." — Dr. fitch.
Is not Capnia vernalis Newport, this same species ?
2. C. necydaloides !
Capnia necydaloides Pict.! Perl. 326, 3 ; tab. xl, fig. 4—5. 9 ; Walker, Catal. 175, 3.
Black, shining; articulations of the antennae long; prothorax rounded, subrugulose, anteriorly an impressed, curved line ; feet black, tibice brown, piceous at the apex, tarsi fuscous ; the abdo- men luteous, the apex black; setae black, with 13 — 18 articulations, the apex fuscous; <£ wings rudimental ; 9 wings a little longer than the abdomen, pale, the veins stout, black ; penis shorter than in the preceding species ; abdomen having one dorsal tubercle before the apex of the penis.
Length to tip of wings J1 4, 9 6i millim. Alar expanse \\\ millim.
Hub. North America (Pictet) ; Washington, 20th December (Osten Sacken).
CAPNIA. 33
3. C. minima!
Perla minima Newp.! Proc. Linn. Soc. I, 388, 2. Trans. Linn. Soc. XX,
450, 2. Walk.! Catal. 183, 19.
Black, shining; antennae moniliform; prothorax narrower than the head, subquadrate, sides straight, angles acute; feet blackish- fuscous; abdomen black (setae with 13 articulations, Newp.); g wings rudimental; 9 wings pale, veins black; penis J* very short; abdomen having no dorsal tubercle before the apex of the penis.
Length to tip of wings J1 2^; 96 millim. Alar expanse, 7 millim.
Hob. St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay ; April (Barnston).
I possess only the male ; the remainder of the description is from Newport and Walker.
4. C. vernalis!
Capnia vernalis Newp. Proc. Linn. Soc. 388, 3. Trans. Linn. Soc. XX,
451, 3. Walk. Catal. 176, 8. Nemoura tennis Walk.! Catal. 182, 13.
Black, shining, sparingly pilose ; antennas moniliform ; protho- rax narrower than the head, rounded, rugulose; feet, abdomen, and setas blackish-fuscous; sets with somewhat near 20 articulations ; wings pallid, veins fuscous; wings with the form and reticulation of Nemoura (subgenus restricted); penis rather long; no dorsal tubercle before the apex of the penis.
Length to tip of wings 6 — 7 millim. Alar expanse 10 — 12 millim.
Hdb. St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay (Barn- ston).
I possess a male and female from the British Museum ; they are certainly N. tennis Walker, but I do not know whether the speci- mens described in the same place and taken in New York, belong here. Nor have I quoted here Newport's species G. vernalis, with- out some doubt. But not finding his typical specimens in the British Museum, I am rather inclined to believe that Mr. Walker has erroneously united them to N. tenuis. N. tennis Pictet is very different.
f f No abdominal setae.
* Second articulation of the tarsi equal to the others.
34 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
TAENIOPTERYX PICTET.
Wings a little involuted, veined, transverse veins very scarce, rather regular; anal area of the posterior wings large, plicated ; palpi filiform, the last article ovate ; no abdominal setae ; tarsi with three long, equal articles.
1. T. fasciata!
Semblisfasciata Bunn.! II, 875, 6. Pict.! Perl. 359, 5, tab. xlvi, fig. 4, 5. Walker, Catal. 179, 5.
Black, with gray pile ; head hardly broader than the thorax, in front and at the eyes rufous, tubercles flat, polished, anteriorly with two parallel grooves; antennae fuscous, the basal articulation black; prothorax broader behind, rugulose, sides oblique, posterior margin rounded, anterior angles subacute, tubercles a little shining, near the anterior margin a transverse, biarcuated sulcus, two closely approximated, linear, parallel discoidal tubercles, at the posterior margin a transverse sulcus ; feet yellowish-brown, femora exteriorly, tibise at base and the tarsi blackish-brown ; abdomen black, shin- ing, 9 appendix broad, yellow, triangular, beneath excavated, the apex narrow, rounded, incurved; <g appendix yellow, lanceolate; wings subhyaline, a gray transverse band upon the middle and another at the apex; veins fuscous.
Length to tip of wings 11 — 13 millim. Alar expanse 23 — 25 millim.
Hab. Philadelphia, Pa. ; Washington, April (Osten Sacken).
2. T. similis ! Txniopteryx similis Hagen!
Black, shining; head broader than the prothorax, shining, hardly rufous anteriorly, antennae black ; prothorax short, broad, sides oblique, posterior margin rounded, anterior angles rounded, poste- rior ones acute, anterior margin subreflexed, very rugulose ; feet brown, femora exteriorly and the tarsi blackish-brown ; abdomen black, shining; the last ventral segment truncated; wings subhy- aline, with three broad gray bands, the extreme one is apical, veins fuscous. (Female.)
Length to tip of wings 8 millim. Alar expanse 14 millim.
Hab. Washington, May (Osten Sackeu).
TAENIOPTERYX. 35
t possess males from "Washington, April (Osten Sacken), with the femora unarmed, the ventral appendage narrow, oval, concave, and with the sculpture of the front, anteriorly, a little different. Is it a new species ?
3. T. frigida!
Taeniopteryx frigida Hagen!
Black, grayish-pilose ; head hardly broader than the prothorax, in front fuscous, tubercles flat, polished; anteriorly with two parallel furrows; antenna? black; prothorax hardly broader posteriorly, sides straight, anterior and posterior margin subrotund, anterior angles rounded, posterior ones square, with a few flat, polished tubercles, near the anterior margin a transverse biarcuated sulcus, at the pos- terior margin a transverse one ; feet yellowish-brown, femora ex- teriorly, tibiaB at base and the tarsi blackish-brown ; abdomen black, shining ; wings subhyaline, a gray band upon the middle and another at the apex, veins fuscous.
Length to tip of wings 15 millim. Alar expanse 25 millim.
Hab. Maryland (Uhler).
Is this not N. nivalis Fitch, Winter Ins. 6, 4. Walk. Catal. 190, 48? It is certainly a Tceniopteryx, and perhaps T.fasciata Burrn.?
4. T. maura!
Tseniopteryx maura Pict.! Perl. 361, 6; tab. xlvi, fig. 6.
Black, opaque ; head equal to the prothorax, rugulose, occiput punctated, antennas blackish-brown ; prothorax broader behind, sides sinuated, oblique, anterior angles rounded, posterior ones subacute, the anterior and lateral margins a little recurved, tuber- cles very few, polished; feet whitish-pilose, femora black, tibiae luteous ; abdomen black ; wings grayish-hyaline or fuscous, veins fuscous ; male with shorter wings, the ventral appendage oblong, concave. The same sex has a robust tooth upon the middle of the femora beneath.
Length to tip of wings, <^9; 9 15 millim. Alar expanse 9 27 millim.
Hab. Philadelphia, Pa. ; Washington, April (Osten Sacken). Common.
36 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
5. T. glacialis !
Nemoura (Bracliyptera) glacialis Newp.! Proc. Linn. Soc. I, 389,4. Trans. Linn. Soc. XX, 451. Walk.! Catal. 192, 53. N. maura Walk.! Catal. 179, 7. (Female.)
Allied to T. maura; differs in having the occiput verrucose, and the prothorax smoother; the wings in the males rudimentary, the femora unarmed, the ventral appendage quadrangular, flatter.'
Length to tip of wings 9 — 15 millim. Alar expanse 27 millim.
Hob. St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay (Barn- ston).
* * The second article of the tarsi small, shorter than the others.
NEMOURA PICTET.
Wings veiny, flat, transverse veins few, very regular, veins of the pterostigma forming an X ; anal area of the posterior wings large, plicate ; no set® ; the second articulation of the tarsi short.
1. N. completa.
Nemoura completa Walk. Catal. 191, 52.
Black, shining; head broader than the prothorax, upon the disk a luteous spot; prothorax quadrangular, equal, sides straight, angles subacute, surface subrugulose, a smoother sulcus upon the middle; feet ferruginous; wings hyaline; anterior ones with a band upon the middle and another at apex fuscous, veins fuscous. (From the description of Mr. Walker.)
Length to tip of wings 8? millim. Alar expanse 14 millim.
Hob. Nova Scotia (Redman). Unknown to me. May it not belong to Teeniopteryx?
2. N. albidipennis !
Nemoura albidipennis Walk. Catal. 191, 51.
Piceous, shining ; head broader than the prothorax ; antennas fuscous ; prothorax quadrangular, sides straight, angles subacute, anterior margin a little recurved, disk with a few tubercles ; feet pale luteous, apex of the femora and base of the tibiae fuscous ; abdomen yellowish-fuscous; wings hyaline, veins fuscous, a little margined with fuscous.
Length to tip of wings 9 millim. Alar expanse 16 millim.
LEUCTRA. 37
Hob. Washington (Osten Sacken) ; Nova Scotia (Redman) Is not the ferruginous-colored species of Mr. Walker distinct from this?
3. N. perfecta!
Nemoura perfecta Walk.! Catal. 191, 51.
Black, shining ; head broader than the prothorax, antennae black, prothorax narrower behind, sides oblique, anterior angles rounded, the anterior margin a little recurved, disk with a few tubercles ; feet testaceous, femora exteriorly and the tarsi brownish-black ; wings clouded with fuscous, broadly margined with fuscous, veins fuscous.
Length to tip of wings 8 millim. Alar expanse 14 milliui.
Hob. Trenton Falls (Osten Sacken) ; Nova Scotia (Redman). It may be different from Mr. Walker's species.
I possess an individual of the European N. variegata, labelled "Philadelphia," but the label is very doubtful.
LEUCTRA STEPHENS.
Wings veiny, involuted when in rest, transverse veins very few, very regular, veins of the pterostigma simple (i. e., not forming an X); anal area of the posterior wings small, plicate; caudal setse absent ; the second articulation of the tarsi short.
1. L. tennis!
Nemoura tennis Pict.! Perl. 375, 10; tab. xlix, fig. 1—3.
Fuscous, opaque, head a little broader than the prothorax; an- tennas fuscous ; thorax quadrangular, sides straight, angles sub- acute, disk with three elevated lines, the middle one straight, the others subincurved; feet fulvous, abdomen fuscous; wings subhy- aline, a little ciliated, veins fulvous.
Length to tip of wings 7 millim. Alar expanse 12 millim.
Hob. Philadelphia ; Washington (Osten Sackeii) ; Sharon Springs, New York, in August (Osten Sacken).
2. L. ferruginea!
Nemoura ferruginea Walk.! Catal. 183, 18.
Fusco-ferruginous, somewhat shining ; head a little broader than the prothorax ; antenna? ferruginous ; prothorax a little
38 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
broader in front, quadrangular, sides a little convex, anterior an- gles somewhat rounded ; disk with three straight elevated lines, the outer ones shorter ; feet and abdomen ferruginous ; wings subhyaline, a little ciliated, veins ferruginous.
Length to tip of wings 8 millim. Alar expanse 14 millim.
ffab. Nova Scotia (Redman).
FAM. Y. EPHEMERINA.
Body elongated, conical; prothorax of moderate size; an- tennae small, subulate; parts of the mouth rudimentary, con- nate; caudal setee two or three, long, slender; wings unequal, posterior smaller, or sometimes absent; transverse veins few or numerous ; tarsi four- or five-articulated.
EPHEMERA LINN.
Three long and equal caudal setae ; wings four, transverse veins very numerous; eyes remote, in the males simple.
1. E. decora!
Ephemera decora Walk.! Catal. 537, 7. Male Imago.
g Imago. Rather luteous, apex of the antennas black ; the head, thorax, and abdomen each side with a fuscous fascia, that of the abdomen broader, exteriorly serrated ; beneath yellowish, ab- domen bilineate ; anterior feet very long, luteous, the apex of the femora, base and apex of the tibia3 and apex of the tarsal articu- lations fuscous ; posterior feet (partly destroyed) luteous ; set® luteous, long, the articulations fuscous ; wings yellowish-hyaline, veins fuscous, partly margined with fuscous, anterior ones with some discoidal fuscous spots. Female paler, feet shorter, wings more hyaline.
Length of body 11 millim. Alar expanse 26 millim. Setas 25 millim.
Hob. New Haven; Canada (Barnston); Chicago (Osten Sacken).
Does E. guttulata Pictet. Ephem. 135, 4, tab. iv, fig. 4, belong here ? I have never seen it, and the locality is unknown. The figure and description agree, but yet, the wings are more spotted.
2. E. simulans.
Ephemera simulans Walk.! Catal. 536, 5.
Piceous ; feet fulvous, anterior ones obscurer ; setaa pale pice-
EPHEMERA. 39
ous, pubescent, longer than the body ; wings subcinereous, the anterior ones maculated and subfasciated with fuscous, the apex and posterior margin not maculated ; veins cloudy. (From Mr. Walker's description.)
Length of body 12 millim. Alar expanse 31 millim. Setae 14 millim.
Hab. St. Lawrence River.
Is it not a female subimago? I have seen the specimen described and noted "that it was allied to E. vulgata, but smaller."
3. E. hebes.
Ephemera hebes Walk. Catal. 538, 8. 9 Subimago.
Piceous; antenna black; feet testaceous, anterior ones fuscous; setae fusco-testaceous ; wings cinereous, veins black. (From Mr. Walker's description.)
Length of body 9 millim. Alar expanse 22 millim.
Hab. St. Johns, Newfoundland.
The specimen described is in the British Museum.
4. E. natata!
Palingenia natata Walk.! Catal. 551, 13. 9 Subimago.
Fusco-testaceous ; antennas black ; abdomen interruptedly bi- vittated with fuscous ; setae pilose, fulvous, banded with fuscous, a little shorter than the body ; feet testaceous, tibiae and tarsi fus- cous; wings subcinereous, veins black and black-banded, except at the apex and posterior margin ; the anterior ones with three or four discoidal fuscous spots.
Length of body 15 millim. Alar expanse 38 millim. Setae 15 millim.
Hab. St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay (Barn- ston) ; Chicago (Osten Sacken).
5. E. pudica!
Ephemera? pudica Hagen! 9 Subimago.
Luteous ; thorax spotted with fuscous ; abdomen with the pos- terior margin, exteriorly, of the middle dorsal segments black; feet luteous, the knees and a ring upon the middle of .the femora fus- cous ; wings grayish-hyaline, longitudinal veins yellow, transverse ones fuscous, banded with gray; transverse discoidal veins a little irregular.
40 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
Length of body 12 millim. Alar expanse 40 millim. Hob. Washington (Osten Sacken, 1858). Are there three setae? The unique specimen is very much muti- lated ; but it has the fades of an Ephemera.
PALINGENIA BURM.
Three seta3, the middle one short, in the males sometimes, almost absent ; wings four, transverse veins very numerous ; eyes remote, simple.
1. P. hecuba!
Palingenia hecuba Hagen! £ Imago.
Luteous, spotted with fuscous ; head blackish-fuscous, apex of the antennae pale ; prothorax shining fuscous, broad, narrower anteriorly; abdomen luteous, above blackish-fuscous; setae thick, whitish-gray, the middle one of equal thickness with the others (partly destroyed) ; base of the feet luteous (the feet are wanting in the specimen); wings large, opaque, grayish-rosy, the costal margin a little obscurer, veins gray.
Length of body 22 millim. Alar expanse 78 millim.
JJab. Yera Cruz (Sallo). Collection of de Selys Longchamps.
The largest species yet known. The wings are opaque, but yet it is au imago; and it has a mass of eggs in the vulvar aperture.
2. P. alba!
Bxtis alba Say, Long's Narrative, Appendix, II, 305, 3.
Milk-white ; vertex fuscous ; prothorax transverse, quadrangu- lar, in front truncated, yellowish-white ; anterior feet grayish-fus- cous, the others white ; wings whitish, anterior margin grayish.
Length of body 11 millim. Alar expanse 22 millim.
Hob. North Red River (Rob't. Kennicott) ; Winnipeg River (Say).
"This insect appears in immense numbers;" for a more particu- lar account see Long's Narrative, as quoted above I have seen only a mutilated specimen.
3. P. puella.
Palingenia puella Pictet, Ephem. 145, 2 ; tab. xi, fig. 4.
Milky-whitish ; ocelli black ; prothorax transverse, short, ante-
PALINGENIA. 4 1
riorly produced in the middle ; apex of the feet brownish, femora pale ; wings whitish, costa a little obscurer. (From the figure and description of Pictet.)
Alar expanse 26 millim.
Hob. New Orleans. Not seen by me. Is it P. alba Say?
4. P. bilineata !
Baetis bilineata Say, Long's Exped. II, 303, 1. P. limbata Pictet, Ephem. 146, 3 ; tab. xii.
Imago g . Fulvous, antennas pale, basal articulation obscurer ; head dusky in front, beneath yellow ; prothorax compressed in the middle, above triangularly tuberculated, each side with a fuscous stripe ; abdomen fulvous, spotted with fuscous ; each side with a medial fuscous stripe composed of oblique strise, margins of the segments fuscous; anterior feet fuscous, basal articles of the tarsi yellow, posterior feet yellow, unguiculi fuscous; setas yellowish, long, apex of the articles annulated with fuscous ; intermediate seta very short; anal appendages yellow, the apex fuscous; penis two-parted, fuscous, apex incurved, oval ; wings hyaline, anterior • ones with the costal margin fulvous, veins black, some transverse blackish-banded veins; posterior wings with the apex hardly clouded, transverse discoidal veins banded with blackish-fuscous. Imago 9. Pale yellow; tarsal unguiouli fuscous; abdomen with a fuscous apical band in the middle and interrupted ones on both sides ; wings yellowish-hyaline, costal margin yellowish, longitudi- nal veins yellowish, transverse ones black.
Subimago 9. Similar to the imago, the abdomen above ob- scurer, wings opaque.
Length of body, ^ 16; 9 18. Subimago, 9 22 millim. Alar expanse,^ 34; 9 40. Subimago, 9 48 millim. Length of cau- dal setae, g 46. Subimago, 9 25 millim.
Hob. St. Peters River, "common" (Say) ; K Red River (Robt. Kennicott); Maryland (Uhler); Philadelphia; Washington (Osten Sacken) ; St. Louis. The specimens from Washington are yel- lower.
5. P. limbata !
Palingenia limbata Serv. Guer. Icon. Regn. Animal. Ins. tab. Ix, fig. 7. Ephemeia limbata Ramb. Neuropt, 295, 4. Walker, Catal. 548, 3. Pal. viridescens Walk.! Catal. 550, 11. Fern. Subimago. Bsetis angulata Walk. ! Catal. 564, 28. Male imago.
42 NEUROPTERA OP NORTH AMERICA.
<£ Imago. Fulvous, spotted with fuscous; antennae gray, basal article brownish-black; head dusky in front, beneath yellow; pro- thorax narrowed in the middle, above triangularly tuberculated, each side with a fuscous stripe conOuent upon the disk; abdomen brownish-black, dorsum each side with an interrupted yellow stripe; anterior feet entirely fuscous, posterior ones brownish-yellow, un- guiculi fuscous; seta? long, fuscous, the apex of the articles with a very small whitish aunulus; intermediate seta very short; anal ap- pendages fuscous ; penis two-parted, fuscous, apex unguiculated, recurved; wings subhyaline, anterior ones with the costal margin fuscous; veins black, some transverse ones bounded with black; posterior wings margined exteriorly with fuscous, discoidal trans- verse veins covered with black.
J" Subimago. Like the imago, but with the body opaque, grayer, the feet obscurer, the wings opaque gray, the anterior ones hardly colored upon the costal margin, the posterior ones more broadly margined.
9 Imago. Similar to the male; the whole body paler, more fulvous, seta3 and feet paler; the intermediate seta very short; the anterior wings have the costal margin paler.
9 Subimago. Similar to the imago, the body opaque ; brown- ish-gray, feet and seta? brownish-black, wings opaque gray, the anterior ones with the costal margin of the same color, the poste- rior ones with a brownish-black margin.
I possess another female subimago, a younger specimen. The body, feet, and setae are much diluted and pale-colored, the margin of the posterior wings is of the same color, pale. It is hardly different.
Length of body, ^17. ^9 Subimago, 21. 9, 29 millim. Alar expanse, <g 34. J1 9 Subimago, 42. 9,46milliui. Length of seta?, J1 42. ^9 Subimago, 18. 9, 20 millim.
Hob. New Orleans (Pfeiffer); Ohio (Schaum) ; St. Louis; Chicago (Osten Sacken) ; St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay (Barnston) ; Canada (id.)
Male imagines from Chicago seem to differ a little, the colors are much paler, the apex of the penis is incurved, the basal half of the antennce is black, the setae yellowish and the apex of the articulations has a fuscous ring. P. bilineata from Washington and P. limbata from New Orleans certainly are distinct species ; the species from Chicago is colored very much like P. limbata, but
PALINGENIA. 43
the penis is incurved. P. lilineata Say, from N. Red River (de- termined by Mr. Uhler), is colored more like P. limbata from Chi- cago ; Mr. Walker's species require a new examination.
6. P. occulta.
Palingenia occulta Walk. ! Catal. 551, 12. £ £> > Imago.
Testaceous ; antennas black, the base testaceous ; sides of the mesothorax fuscous ; abdomen obscurer, interruptedly bivittated with fuscous ; setae not longer than the body, testaceous, a little hairy ; tarsi and anterior feet fuscous ; wings subcinereous, veins black, basal ones testaceous; anterior wings yellowish at base, with the costal margin brownish. (From the description of Mr. Walker.)
Length of body 21 — 25 millim. Alar expanse 41 — 50 millim. Setas 19 millim.
Hob. Arctic America, Lakes Winnipeg and Superior (Richard- son).
The typical specimens are similar to P. viridescens, but smaller, and the posterior wings are scarcely margined exteriorly.
7. P. bicolor.
Palingenia bicolor Walk. I Catal. 552, 15. £> Subimago.
Ferruginous ; thorax each side below, with a black spot ; abdo- men fuscous, beneath paler ; setas long, hairy, testaceous ; feet yel- low, anterior ones brownish testaceous, base of the tarsi whitish ; wings cinereous, the margin pilose, the veins black, margined with fuscous.
Length of body 12 millim. Alar expanse 27. Setas 24 millim.
Hob. St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay (Barn- ston).
8. P. decolorata!
Palingenia decolorata Hagen !
Luteous ; head brownish-black, antennae pale ; prothorax nar- rower anteriorly; anterior feet blackish, posterior ones luteous ; mesothorax yellowish-fuscous ; abdomen luteous, sides striped with obscure fuscous, setae luteous, intermediate very short ; wings yel- lowish-hyaline, veins luteous, the subcosta fuscous. (Imago.)
Length of body 16 millim. Alar expanse 30 millim. Setse 30? millim.
'•
44 NEUROPTERA Oi1 NORTH AMERICA.
Hob. Mexico ; Matamoras, Tamaulipas. Common.
I have seen many specimens, but all of them in alcohol and mutilated, and the colors were probably a little changed.
I have had a large species from New Grenada in alcohol, but the specimen is very much damaged.
BAETIS LEACH.
Abdomen furnished with two seta? ; wings four, transverse veins numerous ; eyes simple ; in the male approximate, large.
1. B. interpunctata !
Baetis interpunctata Say, Jour. Acad. Philad. VIII, 41, 1. Walker, Catal. 562, 23.
Yellowish white tinged with green ; head yellowish, vertex with a lateral black point, front with an arcuated black line ; ocelli with a black ring around each, apex of the antennas black ; prothorax with a black line each side : mesothorax tinged with brown ; feet greenish, the four anterior femora with a black ring upon the mid- dle and apex, apex of the posterior ones fuscous ; abdomen with the apex ferruginous, the posterior margin of the dorsal segments black ; setse pale ; wings hyaline, the anterior margin greenish, the transverse veins black, an abbreviated, submargiual, medial black line. Imago and subimago, male and female.
Length of body 8 millim. Alar exanse 18 — 26 millim. Setae c? 20, 9 14.
Hob. Indiana (Say) ; Washington, Trenton Falls (Osten Sac- ken) ; Chicago, Alleghany Mountains, Ya. (Osten Sackeu).
2. B. flaveola !
Baetis flaveola Pict. Epliem. 186, 12, tab. xxiii, fig. 4. Walker ! Catal. 559, 12.
Yellow, eyes black ; wings yellowish-hyaline, transverse veins black ; posterior femora with a black point ; abdominal segments margined with black ; seta? yellowish. (From the figure and de- scription of Pictet. (Female imago.)
Length of body 8 millim. Alar expanse 22 millim. Setaa 9 millim.
Hab. Tennessee (Pceppig, Museum of Yienna) ; St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay (Barnston).
BAETIS. 45
I have seen a specimen (9 Imago) from the Vienna Museum; it may be the one described by Pictet (although the setse are longer, 14 millim.). As that female pertains, undoubtedly, to B. inter- punctata, probably, therefore, B. flaveola is nothing but a female B. interpunctata Say. On account of a slight fold in the anterior margin of the wings the submarginal line is seen with difficulty.
I have seen a mutilated, smaller, female subimago from Ten- nessee (with the wings expanding 18 millim.), which may be a dis- tinct species.
3. B. obesa.
Baetis obesa Say. Journ. Acad. Philad. VIII, 43, 4. Walk. Catal. 563, 26.
Subimago. Black, livid ; wings brownish-black, with many small, transverse hyaline spots or abbreviated lines, a large, hyaline, oblique semifascia about the middle on the anal margin ; posterior ones, with many transverse, abbreviated, hyaline lines not attaining to the apical margin ; feet pale yellow, incisures of the tarsi black; abdominal segments margined with rufous; setse very short, pilose, annulated with black. (From Say's description.)
Length of body 8 millim.
Hob. Indiana (Say).
4. B. fusca!
Baetis fusca Walker! Catal. 568, 38.
Imago g 9. Piceous, beneath ferruginous; antennae black; abdomen ferruginous, beneath fulvous ; setae testaceous, subannu- lated with fuscous, three times the length of the body; feet testa- ceous, the anterior ones fuscous; wings hyaline, anterior ones with the costal margin at the apex fuscous. (From Mr. Walker's de- scription.)
Length of body 8 millim. Alar expanse 20 millim. Setaa 25 millim.
Hob. St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay (Barn- ston).
I saw the specimen in London, and noted at that time that it was closely allied to B. flaveola ; the specimen from Nova Scotia belongs to P. concinnus Walk. Perhaps a. male imago, from Washington (Osten Sacken), and one from Chicago, belongs here.
46 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
5. B. debilis.
Baetis debilis Walker, Catal. 569, 39.
Ferruginous; abdomen obscurer; setae testaceous, much longer than the body ; feet pale testaceous ; wings subhyaline, veins tes- taceous. 9. (From the description of Mr. Walker.)
Length of body 6 millim. Alar expanse IT. Length of setae 8 millim.
Hob. Nova Scotia (Redman).
6. B. arida.
Baetis arida Say, Jour. Acad. Philad. VIII, 42, 2. Walk. Catal. 562, 24.
Reddish-brown ; head whitish, varied with ferruginous, vertex each side, with a small black point ; eyes rufous, with a whitish vitta; incisures of the abdomen much obscurer; setae and poste- rior feet greenish-white; wings immaculate. (From the description of Say.)
Length of body 10 millim.
Hob. Indiana (Say). A female imago, from "Washington, may belong here ; the specimen is mutilated.
7. B. verticis!
Baetis verticis Say, Jour. Acad. Philad. VIII, 42, 3. Walk. Catal. 562, 25.
Yellowish-white ; vertex ferruginous ; thorax with two ferru- ginous vittas, which are confluent anteriorly, but obsolete poste- riorly; setae a little longer than the body, the incisures black; feet whitish, anterior femora at the apex ferruginous, apex of the anterior tibia9 and incisures of the tarsi fuscous ; wings hyaline, veins exclusive of the marginal ones, black. (From the description of Say.) g Imago.
Length of body 8 millim. Alar expanse 21 millim. Setae 24 millim.
Hob. Indiana (Say) ; Maryland (TJhler).
Two specimens from Maryland agree with the description, ex- cept in the color of the veins of the wings; the marginal ones are black, or rather fuscous. Is the description good ? It should be observed that the species of Baetis are very difficult to separate, and perhaps some species heretofore described may be only syno- nyms of others. A further acquaintance is necessary. A male and female from Dalton, Georgia (Osten Sacken), and Washington (id.)
BAETIS. 47
are possessed by me, perhaps the true B. verticis: is it not B.fla- veola Pict.?
8. B. canadensis !
Baetis canadensis Walk. Catal. 569, 40.
Testaceous; vertex and disk of the thorax ferruginous ; abdo- men with the margins of the segments piceous ; feet pale, femora fuscous, incisures of the tarsi black ; wings hyaline, costal margin at the apex fuscous, veins black. (From Mr. Walker's description.)
Length of body 6 millini. Alar expanse 16 millim.
Hob. Canada (Barnston); Trenton Falls (Osten Sacken).
I have seen mutilated male and female imagines from Trenton Falls ; are they the true B. canadensis Walker? A larger female, expanding 30 millimetres, is pale yellow, wings hyaline, veins yel- low ; the head and abdomen are wanting. In London I noted nothing about Mr. Walker's species, except that it was "allied to JS.jlaveola;" the variety there described is perhaps a female.
9. B. ignava.
Baetis ignava Hagen. Baetis? subimago, Walk. Catal. 571, 45.
*
Rufous; eyes broad, very prominent ; thorax rufous ; abdomen pale, reddish-gray; seta? thick; feet rufous; wings gray, opaque, the anterior ones narrow at base, veins bordered with fuscous.
Alar expanse about 25 millim.
Hab. Newfoundland.
Certainly a female subimago : the species is very doubtful ; Walker assigns Madrid as the locality. I found the typical speci- men labelled Newfoundland.
10. B. fuscata.
Baetis fuscata Walk. Catal. 570, 41.
? Imago. Piceous, beneath ferruginous ; antenna? black ; sides of the thorax spotted with yellow ; feet ferruginous, ante- rior ones piceous ; wings hyaline, veins pale.
9 Subimago. Obscure testaceous, seta? much paler, longer than the body; wings gray, opaque. (From Mr. Walker's descrip- tion.)
Length of body 4 — 5 millim. Alar expanse 12 — 16 millim.
Hab. St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay (Barn- ston.) ,
48 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
11. B. invaria.
Baetis invaria Walk. Catal. 568, 37.
J* Imago. Pale ferruginous, beneath fulvous; antennae black, at base ferruginous ; feet testaceous ; wings hyaline, transverse veins pale- whitish. (From Mr. Walker's description.)
Length of body 5 — 6 millim. Alar expanse 14 — 18 millim.
Hab. St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay (Barn- ston). Perhaps the male of the preceding species?
12. B. annulata.
Baetis annulata Walk. Catal. 567, 34.
£ Imago. Ferruginous, beneath testaceous ; antennae fus- cous, base ferruginous ; thorax with two testaceous stripes ; ab- dominal segments with a testaceous, triangular spot each side ; seta; whitish, the incisures black; feet whitish, banded with black; wings hyaline, veins black. (From Mr. Walker's description )
Length of body 10 millim. Alar expanse 26 millim.
Hab. Trenton Falls, New York.
The mutilated specimens from Trenton Falls, cited under B. canadensis, may belong here, only they are of smaller size.
13. B. vicaria!
Baetis vicaria Walk. Catal. 565, 30.
Imago. Ferruginous ; antennae black ; sides of the thorax marked with yellow ; segments of the abdomen banded with fus- cous ; seta? pale testaceous, subannulated, more than twice the length of the body; feet testaceous, femora with two black bands, anterior feet obscurer, wings hyaline, anterior ones with the costal and discoidal veins brownish-black, costal margin at the apex dusky, obscurer farther in. Imago and subimago, male and female.
Length of body 12 millim. Alar expanse 30 millim. Setce 20 —30 millim.
Hab. St. Lawrence River ; Chicago ; Washington ; Savannah (Osten Sacken). Is it distinct from B. canadensis^
14. B. femorata.
Baetis femorata Say, Godman's West. Quart. Rep. II, 162, 1.
J*. Fuscous, abdomen beneath whitish, setse double the length of the body; femora with a middle and apical reddish-brown band ;
BAETIS. 49
wings snowy hyaline, veins clouded with fuscous, especially the basal, discoidal and apical ones.
9 Fuscous, thorax yellowish, venter whitish ; feet pale fus- cous, a reddish-brown band upon the middle and apex ; seta? nearly the same length as with the male ; wings whitish, veins fuscous, clouded with fuscous. (From Say's description.)
Length of body 12 millim. Setae 24 millim.
Jfab. Cincinnati, Ohio (Say). Not common. Similar to the preceding species; it may be the same or B. annulata.
15. B. alternata !
Baetis alternata Say, Long's Expedition II. 304, 2.
Fuscous ; head in front and at sides whitish ; thorax pale fus- cous, in front yellowish, sides varied with yellow; feet pale ochra- ceous, an apical fuscous ring upon the femora; abdomen above fuscous, segments at base whitish, the two last with two whitish lines; venter whitish, each segment with two oblique lines and two intermediate points black; setas whitish, regularly pointed with fuscous; wings hyaline, veins not margined. (From Say's descrip- tion.)
Length of body 12 millim.
ffab. Northwest Territory (Say).
I would believe that a male imago and subimago and a female subimago from Maryland, communicated by Mr. Uhler, belong here, but the femora have a medial and apical band.
The <£ subimago is paler ; wings gray, opaque, veins a little clouded with fuscous. 9 subimago obscurer, feet uniform fus- cous ; wings blackish-fuscous, posterior ones yellowish at base, veins not clouded.
Length of body 12 millim. Alar expanse 30 millim. Seta3 g 27, millim. Male and female, subiraago, setae 15 millim.
I saw subimagines like the female, from Washington (Osten Sacken).
16. B. luridipennis.
Baetis luridipennis Burm. II, 801, 7. Pict. Ephem. 192. Walker CataL 563, 27.
Fuscous ; abdomen banded ; wings lurid, veined with fuscous (Burm.) J and subimago fulvous; antenna? fuscous; margins of the abdominal segments fuscous ; setffi whitish., covered with. 4
50 NEUROPT-ERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
short pile, a little longer than the body; feet whitish, femora with a medial and apical fuscous band ; wings hyaline, veins fulvous ; anterior ones with the apex of the costal margin fulvescent.
Length of body 8 millim. Alar expanse 24 millim. Setoe 24 millirn.
Hob. North America (Zimmerman) ; St. Martin's Falls (Barn- ston).
The specimens described by Mr. Walker are a female and sub- imago, not males as Walker contends, and, perhaps, belong to a different species; Burmeister's species is perhaps a subimago, and it may be of the preceding species.
17. B. basalis.
Baetis basalis Walk. Catal. 565, 31.
Pitch-black ; antennae whitish ; abdominal segments margined with testaceous; seta? whitish, the incisures annulated with black, twice as long as the abdomen ; anterior wings hyaline, the costal veins clouded with fuscous, a middle marginal fuscous nebula; pos- terior wings fuscous, their apex hyaline. (From Walker's descrip- tion.)
Length of body 12 millim. Alar expanse 28 millim. Seta3 22 millim.
Hob. Lake Winnipeg (Richardson). Is it not B. luridipenms?
18. B. noveboracana.
Ephemera noveboracana Liclitenstein, Catal. Mus. Holtliuisen 1796, III, 193, 52.
Bisetousj wings fuscescent, the hind ones smallest; the abdomen fuscous, margined with luteous. (From the description of Lichteu- stein.)
Hob. New York. Is it not B. luridipennis?
19. B. tessellata! Baetis tessellata Hagen !
Luteous ; mesothorax each side with a fuscous line ; abdomen, upon the segments, superiorly each side, with two fuscous triangu- lar spots; seta? — ? feet luteous, tarsi at the apex fuscous; wings opaque, gray, ciliated, veins lurid, many quadrangular, hyaline spots, posterior wings very small. Female, subimago.
Length of body 16 millim. Alar expanse 26 millim.
POTAMANTHUS. 51
Hal. Puget Sound, Washington Territory. I have examined one specimen, in alcohol. I saw a species of Baetis from Mexico (in the Berlin Museum), but the only specimen, a female, was very much mutilated.
POTAMANTHUS PICTET.
Three sette; wings four, transverse veins numerous; eyes, in the male, double, large, approximate.
1. P. cupidus.
Ephemera ciipida Say, Godinan's West. Quart. Rep. II, 163, 1.
<£ Black ; thorax blackish-gray, a broad dorsal stripe and each side an impressed line black ; eyes large fuscous ; abdomen black, the segments having the posterior margin pale, a dorsal line and each side an oblique obsolete line, whitish ; seta? longer than the body ; feet pale fuscous, tarsi black, anterior feet black ; wings obscure, posterior ones pale, at tip obscurer.
9 Like the male, but the eyes are small, remote : the abdo- men black, ventral incisures pale ; seta? a little longer than the body.
Length of body, J1 11, 9 8 millim. Length of setas, g 5, 9 10 millim.
Hob. Cincinnati, Ohio; 15th of May. Common (Say).
The form of the eyes demonstrates Mr. Say to have wrongly determined the sexes; therefore I have changed his female to male and his male to female. It will be observed that the length of the seta? given by Mr. Say disagrees with his description.
2. P. concinnus !
Palingenia concinna Walk.! Catal. 553, 17. ( £, Imago.) Palingenia pallipes Walk.! Catal. 553, 16. (9 Imago and subimago.) Baetis tessellata Walk.! Catal. 566, 32. ( 9 Subimago.)
J1 Imago. Pitchy black; beneath partly ferruginous; antennae black ; setos double the length of the body ; intermediate one much shorter, luteous, incisures black ; feet luteous, tarsi fuscous, anterior feet entirely piceous ; wings hyaline, veins luteous, the apical veins much obscurer ; costal margin of the anterior wings fuscous at the apex.
9 Imago. Obscure ferruginous, beneath paler ; disk of the
52 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
head piceous, antennae black ; sides of the thorax spotted with fulvous ; setae a little longer than the body ; intermediate one shorter, luteous, incisnres obscurer; feet luteous, anterior ones fer- ruginous ; wings hyaline, veins fuscous, costal margin of the an- terior ones lurid at the apex.
9 Subirnago. Whitish-testaceous, marked with fuscous ; an- tennae fuscous, testaceous at base ; abdomen fuscous above ; seta? testaceous, almost double the length of the abdomen ; feet testa- ceous, femora banded with black, tarsi fuscous; wings subcinereous, opaque, veins testaceous, clouded with fuscous. (From Mr. Walk- er's description.)
Length of body 10 millini. Alar expanse 22 — 28 millim. Set®, g 27, $ 14 millim.
Hub. Xova Scotia (Redman) ; Washington, April (Osten Sack- en).
Although I have examined the specimens described by Mr. Walker, the length of the seta? in the description of B. tessellala strikes me now as doubtful, as they should be shorter than those of the imagines.
3. P. nebulosus.
Palingenia nebulosa Walk.! Catal. 554, 18.
J1 Imago. Black ; abdomen piceous, beneath fulvous ; seta? testaceous, banded with fuscous ; more than double the length of the body, intermediate one shorter ; feet fulvous, anterior ones much obscurer ; wings hyaline, veins fuscous, the anterior wings with a broad, longitudinal, fuscous band. (From Mr. Walker's description.)
Length of body 9 millim. Alar expanse 18 millim. Length of setae 24 millim.
Hob. St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay (Barn- ston).
CLOE LEACH.
Two setas ; four wings (sometimes the posterior ones are want- ing), transverse veins few; eyes, in the males, double, large, ap- proximate.
CLOE. 53
1. C. bioculata.
Cloeon bioculata Walk. Catal. 572, 1. (Complete synonymy.)
Eyes of the male obscure; mesothorax yellow; base and apex of the abdomen obscure ; wings hyaline. (From Mr. Walker's de- scription.)
Length of body 8 raillim. Alar expanse 18 niillim. Length of setae 11 — 15 millim.
Hub. St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay (Barn- ston), Europe.
Further comparison will be necessary to show whether this be really the European species.
2. C. undata!
Cloe undata Pict. Epliem. 264, 10; tab. xli, fig. 6. Walk; Catal. 575,10.
Pale luteous ; feet yellowish, apex of the tarsi obscurer ; setoe whitish, annulated with black ; wings hyaline, anterior ones with the costal margin fuscous, marked with round, hyaline spots ; clouded with fuscous upon the disk and posterior margin. J" Imago.
Length of body T millim. Alar expanse 15 — 19 millim. Setae 10 millim.
Hob, Mexico; Cuba (Pictet); New York (Calverly).
I have seen but a single very much mutilated specimen.
3. C. mollis.
Cloe mollis Asa Fitch in de Selys Longcnamp's collection.
Hah. United States. Unknown to me.
4. C. posticata.
Cloeon posticata Say, Godman's Western Quart. Rep. II, 162, 1.
<£ Imago. Greenish-white; eyes reddish-brown ; thorax black, opaque ; abdomen greenish-blue-hyaline, three apical segments fuscous ; setae long, white ; feet white, anterior ones obscure at base ; wings hyaline. (From Say's description.)
Length 8 millim. Length of seta? 19 millim.
Hah. Shippingsport, 21st May. Common (Say).
54 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
5. C. unicolor !
Cloe unicolor Hagen !
Entirely brassy-brownish; feet pale luteous; seta? white ; wings hyaline. 9 Imago.
Length of body 4 millirn. Alar expanse 10 millim. Setae 10 millira.
Hob. Washington (Osten Sackeu). I have seen a female spe- cimen from Porto-Rico, similar to this, with the thorax fulvo-aene- ous: is it a different species?
6. C. pygmaea!
Cloe pygmaea Hagen !
Body brownish-gray ; feet and seta? white ; wings hyaline. 9 Imago.
Length of body 3 millim. Alar expanse 6 millim. Hob. St. Lawrence River, Canada (Osten Sacken).
7. C. vicina !
Cloe vicina Hagen !
Whitish-hyaline ; thorax fulvous ; eyes rufous ; abdomen with the three apical segments fuscous above ; setae whitish ; feet whitish, anterior ones fulvous at the base ; wings hyaline. Male Imago.
Body yellowish-white ; seta? and feet whitish ; wings hyaline. Female Imago.
Length of body 4 millim. Alar expanse 10 millim. Length of setae, ^ 10, 9 6 millim.
Hal. Washington (Osten Sacken).
Schioedte, Berlin Ent. Zeit. J. Ill, p. 143, reports Ephemera culiciformis Linn., from Greenland; I have not seen the specimens.
CAENIS STEPHENS.
Setae three ; wings two, transverse veins few ; eyes in the male very simple, remote.
1. C. hilaris.
Ephemera hilaris Say, Jour. Acad. Philad. VIII, 43. Walk. Catal. 583, 13.
Small, whitish ; eyes black ; thorax pale fulvous, beneath and sides with abbreviated obscure lines ; apex of the abdomen, each
CAENIS. 55
side, with three fuscous points; setoe long; wings whitish, the cos- tal margin obscure. (From Say's .description.)
Length of body 3 millim.
Hob. Indiana, 4th September (Say).
2. C. diminuta.
Caenis diminuta Walk.! Catal. 584, 14.
Fulvous; abdomen pale testaceous, setae long, white ; feet white, anterior ones banded twice or thrice with black ; wings whitish, veins white, the costal margin blackish. Male. (From Mr. Walk- er's description.)
Length of body 3 millim. Alar expanse 6 millim. Length of seise 12 millim.
Hob. St. John's Bluff, E. Florida (Doubleday).
This species is allied to G. lactea of Europe.
3. C. arnica!
Caenis arnica Hagen!
Head and prothorax fulvous, banded with black ; antennas whit- ish ; mesothorax brassy-fulvous ; feet whitish, anterior ones much longer, cinereous, the femora obscurer, posterior femora with a spot above upon the apex, black ; abdomen pallid, varied with gray upon the back, segments with the apex and sides marked with black ; setas white ; wings opaque, whitish-gray, the two costal veins black. (Male Imago.)
A male, taken at the same place, differs in its colors ; the head is yellow banded with black ; the thorax yellow ; tbe feet white ; the anterior femora and tibiaa have the apex gray ; the abdomen is whitish-yellow. <g Imago. It may be a distinct species.
Length 2 millim. Alar expanse 4 millim. Length of seise 6 millim.
Hob. Pennsylvania (Zimmerman, Berlin Museum).
Is it C. hilaris? Say? — he describes the eyes as double: are they really so ? The genus Caenis has the eyes simple ; neverthe- less the description best suits Ephemera hilaris Say.
FAM. Y; ODOXATA.
Antennae short, setiform; mouth not furnished with palpi; wings flat, reticulated; tarsi with three articles; second ven-
56 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
tral segment of the male furnished with accessory genital organs ; abdomen with anal appendages ; body elongated, narrow.
ft Tribe I. AGRIONINA.
Antennae four-jointed ; eyes distant ; wings equal ; abdomen cylindrical, slender ; accessory genital organs, with the anterior hook connate, penis and vesicle separated ; genital organs of the female vaginate.
Sub-Fam. I. CALOPTERYGINA.
Antecubital veins numerous.
CALOPTERYX LEACH.
Wings very broad, densely reticulated, pterostigma absent in the males, that of the female irregular, areolate ; basal space with no transverse veins; anal appendages of the male forcipate.
1. C. angustipennis !
Sylphis angustipennis Selys! (*£, ) Synops. Calopt. 9,2. Monog. Calopt. 21,2. Walker, Catal. 590, 2. Sylpliis elegans Hag.! $> . Synops. Calopt. 9, 1. Monog. Calopt. 20, 1. Walker Catal. 590, 1.
Brassy-green, shining ; labrum and base of the antenna? yellow- ish ; occiput with two acute tubercles ; feet very long, with short cilia; abdomen long, slender, sides and vent'er rufescent (9); wings narrow, long, hyaline, somewhat flavescent (9), veins brassy-green; thorax rufescent, a dorsal green stripe, and a lateral, divided, broader -blue one. (Female.) Thirty autecubital cross- nervules. No pterostigma.
Length of body, <£ 67, 9 57 millim. Alar expanse 84 millim.
Hob. Georgia (Abbot); £ . Collection of Dr. Hagen; locality unknown. 9.
2. C. apicalis !
Calopteryx apicalis Burm.! Handbuch. II, 827, 8. Selys Synops. Calopt.! 9, 3. Monog. Calopt. 23, 3. Walk. Catal. 591, 3.
Brassy-green, shining ; labium, antenna?, thoracic sutures and pectus black, or in part flavesceut (9); feet long, black, with long
CALOPTERYX. 57
cilia; wings narrow, hyaline, or with the apex narrowly fuscous. (Male.) Twenty antecubitals. Pterostigma absent.
Length of body 42 millim. Alar expanse 62 millim.
Hob. Philadelphia ; Massachusetts (Scudder).
3. C. dimidiata !
Calopteryx dimidiata Burm.! Handb. II, 826, 16. Selys ! Synops. Calopt. 10, 4. Monog. Calopt. 25, 4. Walk. Catal. 591, 4.— Calopteryx cog- nata Ramb.! Neuropt. 222, 6. — C. syriaca Rainb.! Neuropt. 223, 9. (In part. Male.)
Brassy-green or blue, shining; labiura, antennae, thoracic sutures, pectus, venter, and feet black; wings narrow, somewhat flavescent, the apex fuscous ; pterostigma of the female snow-white. Male 30 antecubitals; female 20 antecubitals.
Length of body 40 — 45 millim. Alar expanse 54 — 56 millim. Pterostigma 1£ millim.
Hob. Kentucky ; Georgia ; Pilatka, St. John's River, Florida (Osten Sacken).
4. C. maculata !
Agrion maculata Beauv. 85 ; tab. vii, fig. 3. — Calopteryx maculata Burm.! Handb. II, 829,17. Selys! Synopt. Calopt. 10,5 Selys! Monog. Calopt. 27, 5. Walk. Catal. 592, 5. — Calopteryx holosericeus Burm.! Handb. II, 828, 13. Ramb. Neuropt. 226, 14.— Calopteryx papilio- nacea Ramb.! Neuropt. 222, 6. — Calopt. opaca Say, Jour. Acad. Philad. VIII, 32, 2.
Brassy-green or blue, shining; labium, antennas, thoracic sutures, pectus, venter and feet black; abdomen with a dorsal yellow stripe upon the 8th to the 10th segment (?); wings very broad, densely reticulated, black, sometimes with hyaline spots ( J"), or clouded with fuscous and fuscous at the apex, with a snow-white pterostig- ma (female) 19 — 28 antecubitals.
Length 38 — 48 millim. Alar expanse 63 — 65 millim. Ptero- stigma 2 — 2£ millim.
Hob, Chicago (Osten Sacken) ; Maryland (Uhler) ; Washing- ton; Trenton Falls (Osten Sacken); Philadelphia; Massachusetts; Dalton, Georgia (Osten Sacken); Carolina; Ohio; Pilatka, Flo- rida (Osten Sacken).
A species common all over the Union.
58 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
5. C. virginica!
Calopteryx virginica Drury ed. Westw. 1, 118; tab. xlviii, fig. 2. Selys! Synops. Calopt. 11, 6. Selys! Monog. Calopt. 29, 6. Walker Catal. 592, 6. — LibeUula virgo Drury 1, 114; tab. xlviii, fig. 2. — Calopteryx materna Say, Jour. Acad. Philad. VIII, 32, 1. 9 • — Calopt. aequabilis Say, 1. c. VIII, 33, 2.— Calopt. dimidiata Ramb. Neuropt. 223, 5.
Brassy-green, shining; labium, antennae, thoracic sutures, pectus, venter, and feet black; abdomen with the dorsal stripe, and venter with the segments 8 — 10 yellow; (9) wings much narrower than in the foregoing species, hyaline, the base somewhat flavescent, the apex blackish-fuscous ; pterostignia 9 snow-white. 26 — 31 ante- cubitals. (From the description of De Selys.)
Length of body 50 — 52 rnillim. Alar expanse 10 — 72. Ptero- stigma 2 rnillim.
Hob. Virginia ; Georgia ; Massachusetts ; Hudson's Bay.
6. C. splendens!
Calopteryx splendens Selys ! Monog. Calopt. 36. 9. (With the complete synonymy.)
Blue (J1), or green (9) brassy; base of the antenna yellow; thorax with the second lateral suture yellow; feet black ; abdomen with a dorsal yellow stripe upon the segments 8 — 10 9 ; wings broad, hyaline, a broad blue-black band J\ or hyaline, with a snow-white pterostignia 9 .
Length of body 45 — 49 millim. Alar expanse 62 — 72 millim. Pterostignia 1 — 2 millim.
Hob. Georgia (Abbot).
I have seen a male from the collection of Abbot, in the Zurich Museum. Is it really from America?
A species common everywhere in Europe and Northern Asia.
Calopteryx virgo Fab. Fauna Greenland. 196, 152, is perhaps erroneously stated. Fabricius says that he only saw it once ; but according to Schioedte, Berlin. Eiit. Zeit. Ill, 142, it has not hitherto been discovered there.
HETAERINA HAGEN.
Wings rather narrow, densely reticulated ; pterostigma absent or very small, quadrangular; basal space reticulated; base of the wings, in the male, sanguineous. * Pterostigma absent.
HETAER1NA. 59
1. H. septentrionalis !
Hetaerina septentrionalis Selys! Synops. Calopt. 36,43. Selys, Monog. Calopt. 119, 43.
Blackish-fuscous ; head and thorax brassy, sides partly yellow ; feet black ; superior appendages of the tail semicircular, the apex, exteriorly dentated ; the inferior ones long, cylindrical, at the apex thickened; wings hyaline, sanguineous at base, posterior ones with an apical, sanguineous spot. Male. (From the description of De Selys.)
Hob. Georgia (British Museum).
2. H. californica!
Hetaerina californica Hagen! Addit. Synops. Calopt. 6, 49, bis.
Brownish-black; head and thorax coppery ; a humeral line and two lateral stripes, yellow ; feet black, femora within and tibia3 without, yellow; abdomen brownish-black; superior caudal, ap- pendages a little incurved, a quadrangular tubercle upon the inter- nal middle, and another smaller one at the apex ; the inferior appendages much shorter, thickened at the base ; wings hyaline, almost the basal half sanguineous, apex of the posterior ones dusky.
Length 44 millim. Alar expanse 60 millim.
Hab. Northern California.
3. H. cruentata!
Calopteryx cruentata Ramb.! Neuropt. 228, 19 £ • Selys! Synops. Calopt. 39, 48. Selys ! Monog. 127, 48 ; tab. xii, fig. 1. Walk. Catal. 625, 21.
Brownish-black; head coppery, epistoma blue (J*), or rufous ( 9 ) ; dorsuui of the thorax orange, with a medial broad black stripe ; the sides orange, with a stripe and cuneiform black spot ; feet black, tibia?, exteriorly, yellow; female with the femora inte- riorly yellow; abdomen brownish-black; superior appendages forcipated, base interiorly, abruptly dilated, inferior appendages short, flat, truncated ; wings sanguineous at base, the apex mar- gined with fuscous ( J"), or somewhat yellowish (female). 20 — 29 antecubital cross-nervules.
Length 42 — 50 millim. Alar expanse 56 — 68 millim.
Hab. Mexico; Venezuela; Martinique; Surinam; Brazil.
60 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
4. H. vulnerata !
Hetaerina vulnerata Hagen! Synops. Calopt. 40, 49. Selys! Monog. Calopt. 130, 49 ; tab. xii, fig. 2. Walker Catal. 626, 22.
Brownish-black ; head brassy, epistoma black ; thorax black, brassy, with a yellow humeral line, sides yellow, a broad stripe and a cuneiform mark, brassy black (J1); or orange; dorsum with a middle brassy-green stripe, sides with a narrow stripe and mark, brassy-green ; feet black, femora inside and tibia? outside yellow ; abdomen brownish-black, superior appendages black, yellow at base, forcipated, at the internal base dilated ; inferior ones short, cylindrical, broader at base ; wings hyaline, sanguineous at base (J*), or anteriorly and at apex yellowish (female). 11 — 23 ante- cubital cross-nervules.
Length 42—50 millim. Alar expanse 60—66 millim.
Hob. Mexico ; Columbia ; Brazil.
* * Pterostigma very small, quadrangular.
5. H. americana!
Agrion americana Fab.! Ent. Syst. Suppl. 287, 3— 4.— Calopteryx ameri- cana Burm.! Handb. II, 826, 4. Ramb. Neuropt. 227, 18.— Hetaerina americana Selys! Synopt. Calopt. 41, 50. Selys! Monog. Calopt. 131, 50; tab. xii, fig. 3. Walk. Catal. 627, 23.— Lestes basalis Say, Journ. Acad. Philad. VIII, 35, 2.
Fuscous, coppery (^ ), or green-brassy (?); thorax coppery, the sides with three yellow stripes (J1) or green-brassy, the sides with four yellow stripes, feet black, the femora inside and the tibiae outside yellow; abdomen brassy-fuscous, the female has a dorsal interrupted yellow line; superior appendages yellow, with a black apex, forcipated, interiorly with a double tubercle upon the middle; inferior appendages short, truncated, cylindrical ; wings hyaline, sanguineous at base (J1), or somewhat yellowish (?); the ptero- stigrna is yellow. 20 — 24 antecubital cross-nervules.
Length 43 — 46 millim. Alar expanse 54 — 62 millim.
Hob. Maryland; Massachusetts; Washington; Missouri ; Indi- ana ; Mexico ; Brazil.
6. H. basalis !
Hetaerina basalis Hagen! Selys, addit. Synops. Calopt. 6, 50, bis.
Yery much like H. americana, and perhaps a variety of it ; it
HETAERINA. 61
differs, in the male, by having the basal sanguineous spot larger and exteriorly convex ; the superior appendages have the middle tubercle triangular; the female has the yellow abdominal line hardly interrupted, the base of the wings yellowish-fuscous.
Length 43 — 46 milliin. Alar expanse 54 — 62 millim.
Hal. Pecos River, Western Texas; Mexico; Cordova; Atli- huazan; Portrero (Saussure).
7. H. tricolor!
Calopteryx tricolor Burm. ! Hamlb. II, 827, 7. Selys ! Synops. Calopt. — Hetaerina tricolor, 42, 52. Selys ! Monog. Calopt. 136, 52 ; tab. xii, fig. 5. Walk.! Catal. 629, 25.
Brownish-black ; thorax with a humeral yellow stripe ; sides yellow, with three brownish-black stripes ; feet black, tibia? exte- riorly fuscous ; abdomen brownish-black ; appendages black, the superior ones forcipated, interiorly bi-excised; inferior ones short, cylindrical, the apex truncated ; wings hyaline, anterior ones san- guineous at base, posterior ones fuscous at base, all the wings with a fuscous apical margin; pterostigma black (J*), or they are hya- line with the base somewhat yellowish, the pterostigma whitish- yellow (female). 20 — 24 antecubital cross-nervules.
Length 42 — 50 millim. Alar expanse 60 — 64 millim.
Hcib. Philadelphia ; Georgia.
The variety H. limbala Selys, from Georgia, is a little smaller, the apex of the wings is more iufuscated.
8. H. titia !
Libellula titia Drury, II, 83; tab. xlv, fig. 3. — Calopteryx titia Burm.! Handb. II, 826, 3. — Hetaerina titia Selys ! Synops. Calopt. 43, 53. Selys ! Monog. Calopt. 138, 53. Walk. Catal. 630, 26.
Black; head, thorax, feet and abdomen black; superior append- ages forcipated, interiorly with a basal tooth and middle dilatation; inferior ones short, cylindrical, obtuse ; wings opaque fuscous, upon the middle obliquely hyaline ; superior ones sanguineous at base ; pterostigma yellow (J1 ), or they are opaque, fuscesceut, with the apex of the superiors hyaline, the pterostigma white ( 9 ). 19 — 22 antecubital cross-nervules. (From De Selys' description.)
Length 41 — 46 millim. Alar expanse 52 — 60 millim.
Hab. Mexico ; Honduras.
62 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
9. H, macropus!
Hetaerina macropus Selys ! Synops. Galops. 44, 54. Monog. Calopt. 141, 54. Walker, Catal. 631, 27.
Brownish-black ; thorax coppery, a humeral yellow stripe, sides black, with three yellow stripes (J*); or yellow, dorsum each side with a green-brassy stripe, sides yellow, with two imperfect brassy- green stripes (9); feet long, black; wings hyaline, with a basal fuscous stripe, anterior ones sanguineous at base, posterior ones rosy, with the pterostigrna yellow (<^), or they are somewhat yel- lowish, with the pterostigrna white (9). 22 — 24 antecubital cross- nervules.
Length 36 — 44 milliui. Alar expanse 52 — 54 millim.
Hob. Tanipico, Mexico (Saussure); Honduras.
10. H. sempronia !
Hetaerina sempronia Hagen ! Synops. Calopt. 45, 56. Selys! Monog. Calopt. 147, 56, tab. xii, fig. 7. Walker, Catal. 632, 29.
Black ; head black, labrum and epistoma blue ; thorax coppery, a humeral and three lateral lines, yellow ; feet black ; abdomen black ; superior appendages black, forcipated, interiorly a medial dilatation, inferior ones short, with the apex obtuse; wings hyaline, sanguineous at base, posterior ones with an apical fuscous spot ; pterostigma black. 27 — 28 antecubital cross-nervules (J*).
Length 46 millim. Alar expanse 58 millim.
Hob. Mexico (Deppe).
Sub-Fam. II. AGRIONINA. Two antecubital transverse veins ; wings petiolated.
Legion I. PSEUDOSTIGMATA. Pterostigma irregular, areolate.
MEGALOFREPUS RAMBUK.
Wings broad, rounded, posterior margin densely reticulated, with many incurved branches ; areoles pentagonal, the first sector of the triangle forked at apex ; quadrangular space oblong.
PSEUDOSTIGMA. 63
1. M. caerulatus !
Libcllula caerulata Drury, III, 75, tab. 1, fig. 1. Megaloprepus caerulatus Ramb. ! Neuropt. 290, 1. Libellula coerulea Donovan, Nat. Reposit. iv, 110.
Black, beneath pale ; thorax with a humeral line, and two in- feriorly lateral stripes, pale yellow ; feet black, femora inside and tibiee outside pale yellow ; wings broad, hyaline, before the apex a broad blue-black, transverse band, exteriorly, broadly margined with milk-white and emarginated ; pterostigma large, oblong, black.
Length 90 — 115 millim. Alar expanse 115 — 180 millhn.
Hob, Mexico (Saussure) ; Yera Cruz (Salle) ; Guatimala; Choco, ISTew Grenada (Schott) ; Honduras ; Bogota, Columbia.
As yet, this is the most gigantic of the Odonata.
The variety M. brevistigrna De Selys, from Bogota, differs in being of a smaller size, the pterostigma small and the band of the wings narrower.
PSEUDOSTIGMA DE SELYS.
Wings narrow, the reticulation of the posterior margin of the wings simple, the areoles tetragonal, regular ; postcostal space
with two series of areoles ; pterostigma irregular ; abdomen ex- tremely long.
1. P. accedens !
Pseudostigma accedens Selys !
Black, brassy, beneath yellow ; head black, each side in front slightly tinged with yellow ; prothorax straight posteriorly, tho- rax, with the dorsum black, a yellow humeral stripe, broadly divided, sides yellow, with a broad black stripe above; pectus with a fuscous stripe ; feet black, femora at base and beneath, and tibiae extremely yellowish ; abdomen black, with a steel blue reflection, the last segment having the apical half yellow; appendages black, the superior ones broad, incurved, interiorly excavated, the apex obliquely truncated ; the inferior ones very small, acute ; margin of the valves (9) entire; wings hyaline, apex of the posterior ones entire, pterostigma black, quadrangular, of the posterior wings triangular (<^), apex of the wings with a narrow yellow spot anteriorly, pterostigma absent ( 9 ).
64 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
Length 117 — 124 millira. Alar expanse 126 — 132 millira. Hob. Mexico (Saussure); Yera Cruz (Salle); Columbia.
2. P. aberrans !
Pseudostigma aberrans Selys !
Black, beneath yellow ; labrum with a yellow middle spot, front anteriorly yellow, banded with black, and transverse ; prothorax broadly emarginate posteriorly ; thorax black, a humeral yellow, hardly cleft, line ; sides with a black stripe ; pectus with a black stripe in the middle ; feet black, tibiae exteriorly yellow ; abdomen black, beneath yellow ; margin of the valves (9 ) dentated ; wings hyaline, with a large, oval, apical spot; pterostigma absent (?).
Length 112 rnillim. Alar expanse 131 millioi.
Hub. Yera Cruz, Mexico (Salle).
i
MECISTOGASTER RAMBPH.
Wings narrow ; reticulation of the posterior margin simple ; postcostal space having a single series of areoles ; pterostigma irregular; abdomen extremely long.
1. M. modestus !
Mecistogastur modestus Selys !
Black, beneath yellowish; labrum yellow, banded with black; front yellow anteriorly ; prothorax rounded posteriorly ; thorax black, a humeral broad, yellow, obliquely divided stripe ; sides with a black, oblique, entire stripe ; feet black, femora exteriorly and base of the tibiae yellowish ; wings hyaline, pterostigma ob- long, black, in younger individuals it is whitish (J*).
Length 84 rnillim. Alar expanse 84 — 91 rnilliin.
Hob. Mexico (Saussure).
2. M. ornatus !
Mecistogaster ornatus Rainbnr ! Neuropt. 288, 12.
Brassy-fuscous, beneath yellowish ; head orange in front, base of the antennae orange ; prothorax rounded posteriorly ; thorax brassy fuscous, a humeral divided stripe, a lateral stripe and a short mark near the wings, interrupted, yellow ; pectus with a middle black stripe ; feet fuscous, tibiae exteriorly yellowish ; ab- dominal appendages forcipated, yellow, at the apex black ; wings
,
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f. ' •>' •-."'
LIBRARY
LESTES. 65
orange at the apex, margined interiorly with fuscous, the posterior ones whitish beneath the apex.
Length 87 — 102 millira. Alar expanse 97 — 116 millim.
Hab. Yera Cruz, Mexico (Salle) ; Caracas, Venezuela ; Suri- nam ; Lima.
I possess a variety from Venezuela which has the apex of the wings green, beneath black
3. M. lucretia!
Libellula lucretia Drury, II, tab. xlviii, fig. 1. Sulze, Gesckicnte der Insect, tab. xxiv, fig. 4. — Agrion lucretia Burm.! II, 818, 1. — Agrion amalia Burm. ! Handb. II, 818, 3. — Agrion tullia Burm. ! II, 818, 2. — Mecistogaster lucretia Ramb. Neuropt. 286, 7. — Mecist. linearis Ramb.! Neuropt. 282, 1 (£). — Mecist, virgatus Ramb.! Neuropt. 284, 4 ( £ young). — Mecist. jiliformis Ramb. ! Neuropt. 285, 6 ( $ ). — Mecist. leucostigma Ramb. ! Neuropt. 286, 8(9).
Brassy-black, beneath yellowish ; head brassy-black above, a rufous stripe, each side at the ocelli ; prothorax with two large rufous spots upon the posterior lobe ; thorax, each side, with two approximated yellow lines ; sides yellow, with a broad fuscous stripe ; pectus yellow, a fuscous stripe upon the middle ; feet brownish black, tibia? exteriorly greenish-yellow; abdomen ex- tremely long brassy-black, the three last segments yellow at sides, the apex of the last one yellow, excised ; superior appendages livid, bent into a right angle, the apex subbifid, and interiorly a basal tooth ; wings hyaline, posterior ones of the male having the apex dilated in front, rounded ; pterostigma black, triangular : — in the younger ones pallid; females, pterostigma black, oblong, the apex of the wings subfuscous ; the younger ones are yellow, with the apex of the wings milky-white.
Length 110 — 112 millim. Alar expanse 120 — 144 millim.
Hab. St. Domingo ; Bahia, Para, Rio, San Paul, Brazil.
Legion II. AGRIONINA. Tw-e antecubital transverse nervules.
LESTES LEACH.
The fourth apical sector broken ; the postcostal space simple ; the quadrangular space trapezoidal, with the exterior inferior angle
I O . /
/, (9-- it-'.
66 NETJROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
acute ; the pterostigma large, oblong : appendages in the males forcipated.
1. L. grandis !
Lestes grandis Ramb.! Neuropt. 244, 1.
Brassy-green, mouth reddish-yellow; dorsum of the thorax orange, each side with a brassy-green stripe; sides yellow, superi- orly with a broad brassy-green stripe, inferiorly with a fuscous one; feet yellowish, femora exteriorly, tibiae interiorly and tarsi black ; abdomen long, slender, brassy-green, a basal yellow lunule upon each side of the segments ; superior appendages of the male long, semicircular, the apex a little thicker, incurved, an interior stout basal tooth, one obtuse one upon the middle, and an ante-apical oblique tubercle upon them; inferior appendages short, obtuse, the apex ciliated : valvules of the female yellow, exteriorly broadly black, the apex deutated ; wings hyaline ; pterostigma large, broader in the middle, fuscous; sixteen postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 59 — 50 niillim. Alar expanse 72 — 66 tnillim. Ptero- stigma 3 millim.
Hob. Mexico (De Selys ;) Columbia, Venezuela (Appun).
2. L. rectangularis !
Lestes rectangularis Say, Jour. Acad. Philad. VIII, 34, 1.
Brassy-fuscous, mouth yellow ; dorsum of the thorax brassy- brown, a line upon the middle and each side with a broad stripe, narrowed in front, yellow ; sides pale yellow, superiorly a brassy- brown stripe and posteriorly with two linear black spots ; feet yellow, femora exteriorly, tibia? and tarsi interiorly black; abdo- men long, very slender, yellow, the dorsum fuscous, the apex of the segments black, and with an interrupted, yellow, basal lunule ; the apical segments entirely blackish-fuscous ; appendages black, the superior ones short, forcipated, the base interiorly dilated, armed with two teeth, the apical one larger, the apex narrow, in- curved ; inferior appendages long, rather slender, approximated, the apex acute, beneath curved ; valvules of the female, with the margin entire; wings hyaline, the costa yellow; pterostigma short, the sides a little oblique, black; ten postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 53 — 41 millim. Alar expanse 49 — 41 millim. Ptero- stigma 1£ millim.
LESTES. 67
Hub. Chicago (Osten Sacken); Indiana; Mass. (Say); Mary- land; Pennsylvania; New Jersey (TJhler); New York (Calverly); Savannah, Georgia; Minnesota (Kennicott).
I have seen tw5 females, very much like this (L. habilis mihi from Pennsylvania and Georgia) ; they have the tarsi yellow, and the margin of the valvules dentated. Is it a distinct species?-
3. L. alacer!
Lestes alacer Hagen !
Black; mouth yellowish; dorsum of the thorax black, each side, exteriorly, with a yellowish-green stripe, sides livid, with a broad, fuscous, middle fascia; feet yellow, beneath and tarsi black; femora and tibiae with an external black line; abdomen slender, black, sides yellow ; appendages black, the superior ones forcipated, the base interiorly with a tooth, and upon the middle a rounded lamina ; the inferior appendages a little shorter, straight, flat, distant, with the apex truncated ; wings hyaline ; pterostigma black, narrow, margined with yellow in front; nine postcubital cross-nervules. (Male.)
Length 39 millim. Alar expanse 42 millim. Pterostigraa 1-^ millim.
Hab. Western Texas, Pecos River (Capt. Pope).
4. L. stulta!
Lestes stulta Hagen !
Black, mouth yellow ; dorsum of the thorax black, a line upon the middle, and each side exteriorly a narrow stripe, yellow; sides yellow, with a superior, broad black stripe, which is triangularly dilated at the wings ; feet yellow, femora exteriorly, tibias interiorly, and tarsi black; wings hyaline, costa somewhat yellow; pterostig- ma long, fuscous, margined on both sides with yellow ; eleven postcubital cross-nervules. (The abdomen is wanting.)
Length — ? millim. Alar expanse 52 millim. Pterostigma 1? millim.
Hob. California.
5. L. congener!
Lestes congener Hagen !
Black, mouth yellow ; dorsum of the thorax black-brassy, a line upon the middle and a narrow stripe each side yellow; sides yel-
68 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
low, with a superior, broad black-brassy stripe, which is dilated at the wings ; beneath yellow, margined with black ; feet yellow, femora exteriorly and tibiae interiorly black ; abdomen slender, black-brassy, with a yellow lunule upon the base of the segments; superior appendages black, yellow at the base, forcipated, with a basal tooth interiorly, and a middle lamina, with the margin ser- rated; inferior appendages short, approximated, the apex obtuse, recurved ; wings hyaline ; pterostigma oblong, black ; ten post- cubital cross-uervules. (Male.)
Length 37 millim. Alar expanse 43 millim. Pterostigma 1^ millim.
Hob. Xew York; Texas (Friedrich).
6. L. simplex!
Lestes simplex Hagen !
Black, mouth pale; thorax black, dorsum each side with a broad yellow stripe, which is cleft at the wings; sides and beneath black, pruinose; feet yellow, femora exteriorly, tibiae interiorly, and tarsi black ; abdomen slender, black, pruinose at the apex, a basal yel- low lunule to the segments; appendages black, superior ones forci- pated, with an internal basal tooth, the middle of the inner margin somewhat dilated, serrulated ; inferior appendages short, approxi- mated, the apex obtuse, curved underneath; wings hyaline; ptero- stigma oblong, black ; twelve or thirteen postcubital cross-uervules. (Male.)
Length 40 millim. Alar expanse 43 millim. Pterostigma 1^ millim.
Hub. Mexico (Deppe).
Similar to L. congener, but the thorax is narrower and the appendages are different.
7. L. forficula!
Lestes forjicula Ramb.! Neuropt. 247, 5.
Black, mouth pallid; dorsum of the thorax pale blue, each side with a narrow, brassy-green stripe, margined with black ; a middle blue line, also margined with black; sides and beneath black, pru- inose; feet yellow, femora bilineated above with black, tibiae black interiorly, the anterior ones exteriorly lineated with black, tarsi black ; abdomen brassy black, with the apex pruinose, the middle segments at base and a lunule at apex, pallid ; appendages black,
LESTES. 69
the superior ones forcipated, with a basal internal tooth arid an obliquely truncated lamina upon the middle, with the apex serrated; the inferior ones long, narrow, straight, the apex rounded, some- what broader; wings hyaline, the pterostigma short, oblong, black ; eleven postcubital cross-nervules. (Male.)
Length 40 millim. Alar expanse 39 niillim. Pterostigma Ig- millim.
Hob. Mexico; Cuba (Gundlach) ; Brazil.
8. L. vidua!
Lestes vidua Hagen !
Brassy-black, mouth yellow ; dorsum of the thorax black-brassy, £, middle line and a narrow stripe each side, somewhat interrupted at the wings, and subexcised, of a yellow color; sides yellow, with a broad black stripe superiorly, which is broader at the wings, and two spots inferiorly, also black; beneath yellow, each side with a marginal black spot; feet yellow, femora and tibia? exteriorly line- ated with black, tarsi black ; dorsum of the abdomen brassy-black, a basal yellow lunule upon the segments; sides yellow, venter black (appendages destroyed); wings hyaline, pterostigma large, oblong, fuscous, margined with yellow at the sides ; ten postcubital cross- nervules.
Length 40? millim. Alar expanse 45 millim. Pterostigma 1 J millim.
Hob. New Orleans (Pfeiffer) ; Vienna Museum.
It is similar to L. congener Hag.
9 L. tenuata.
Lestes tenuata Ramb. Neuropt. 245, 2. Selys, Poey Ins. Cuba, 463.
Obscure bluish-green ; thorax obscure whitish, with four green- ish-blue stripes, two of them dorsal ; feet pale, femora trilineated with black, tibia? beneath and tarsi black; dorsum of the abdomen bluish-green, the sides pale, a yellow basal lunule upon the seg- ments ; superior appendages forcipated, inside at the base with a rounded tooth, behind the middle they are denticulated, and exte- riorly dentated, the apex somewhat rounded ; the inferior ones short, obtuse, the apex rounded, pilose; wings hyaline, pterostigma black. (From the description of Rambur.)
Length 45 millim. Alar expanse 50 millim.
Hub. The island of Martinique. -
fat- i ^
70 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
10. L. eurina.
Lestes eurinus Say! Journ. Acad. Philad. VIII, 36, 3.
Blue, varied with green and violet ; mouth yellow ; dorsnm of the thorax each side with a yellow stripe, which is cleft and dilated at the wings, the sides yellow ; abdomen blue, the segments green at apex ; venter black : superior appendages forcipated, beneath bidentated, the inferior appendages short, conical ; feet black, the femora beneath and tibias exteriorly pallid ; wings hyaline, ptero- stigraa black. (From the description of Say.)
Length 47 millim.
Hob. Massachusetts (Harris).
11. L. unguiculata !
Lestes unguiculata Hagen !
Green-brassy; mouth yellow; dorsum of the thorax brassy- brown, a line upon the middle and a narrow stripe each side, yellow ; sides yellow pruinose, with a broad, superior brassy-brown stripe, and inferiorly with a black, broad vitta; beneath yellow; feet yellow, femora bilineated with black, tibise inside, and tarsi black; dorsum of the abdomen green, the apex brown-brassy, a yellow lunule upon the base of the segments, base and apex of the tergum pruinose, the sides yellow, venter black; superior appen- dages black, yellow at base, forcipated, with a basal internal tooth, and a middle excised lamina, which is dentated upon the margin ; the inferior appendages long, narrow, cruciate, incurved at the apex; wings hyaline, pterostigma oblong, fuscous, the sides mar- gined with yellow ; nine or ten postcubital cross-nervules.
In the female, the inferior fascia of the thorax is wanting.
Length 40 — 30 millim. Alar expanse 43 — 37 millim. Ptero- stigma lj millim.
Hob. Chicago (Osten Sacken) ; Bergen Hill, New Jersey (Guex); New York; St. Louis (Engelrnann) ; Wisconsin (Robt. Kennicott).
12. L. hamata !
Lestes hamata Hageii ! ^
Brownish-brassy; mouth yellow; dorsum of the thorax brown- brassy, with a middle line, and each side a broad stripe, naiTowed at the wings, yellow; sides yellow, pruinose, with a superior, broad,
PARAPHLEBIA. f 1
brown-brassy stripe, and a black spot upon the pectus, beneath yellow; feet yellow, femora exteriorly, tibia? interiorly and tarsi black ; abdomen obscure green-brassy, with a basal yellow lunule to the segments ; appendages black, the superior ones forcipated, with a basal, internal tooth, and a lamina with the margin straight and its apex dentated ; the inferior appendages long, straight, narrow, flat, the apex rounded; wings hyaline, pterostigma oblong, black, the sides margined with yellow ; eleven postcubital cross- nervules.
Length 42 — 38 millim. Alar expanse 45 — 43 millim. Ptero- stigma H millim.
Hab. Bergen Hill, New Jersey (Guex); Florida (Osten Sacken); Chicago (id.); Wisconsin (Robt. Kennicott); North Red River (id.).
13. L. forcipata!
forcipata Ramb. Neuropt. 246, 4.
Brassy-green; mouth yellow; dorsum of the thorax green-brassy or with a middle line and a stripe each side, yellow £ ; sides yellow, with a superior, green-brassy stripe, dilated at the wings, or with an inferior black stripe (J*) ; feet yellow, femora bilineated with black, tibiae interiorly and tarsi black ; abdomen brassy-green, sides yellow, or at the base and apex pruinose (J* ); a basal lunule upon the segments yellow; appendages black, the superior ones forcipated, on the inside bidentated, the intermediate lamina with its margin rather straight, serrated ; the inferior appendages long, flat, the apex dilated interiorly, somewhat spoon-shaped ; wings hyaline ; pterostigma black, margined with yellow at the sides ; twelve postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 35 millim. Alar expanse 40 millim. Pterostigma li millim.
Hab. Chicago; Washington (Osten Sacken) ; Wisconsin (Robt. Kenuicott). Extremely like L. nympha, of Europe, it seems hardly different from that species. Is this the true L. forcipata of Rambur ?
PARAPHLEBIA SELYS.
Postcostal space furnished with two or three areoles ; sectors numerous.
72 NEUROPTEEA OP NORTH AMERICA.
1. P. zoe!
Paraphlebia zoe Selys ! Monog. Agrion.
Apex of the wings black.
Hab. Mexico (Collection of De Selys Longchamps).
PALAEMNEMA SELYS.
The quadrangular space oblong ; the second sector of the tri- angle almost wanting.
1. P. paulina!
Agrion paulina Drnry, II; tab. xlvi, fig. 4. — Euphaea paulina Ramb. Neuropt. 231, 5. Oliv. Enc. Method. VII, 572, No. 18.
Reddish-blackish ; thorax thick ; wings hyaline, fuscous at the apex, at the base having the second and third humeral spaces yel- lowish-rufescent; pterostigma long, narrow. (Rarnbur.)
Hab. Honduras. (Collection of De Selys Longchamps.)
TRICHOCNEMIS SELYS.
Quadrangular space sub-oblong ; pterostigma rhornboidal (cf. Poey, Ins. Cuba, 464.)
«
1. T. tibialis.
Platycnemis tibialis Ramb. Neuropt. 241, 3.
Azure-blue ; thorax in front with three stripes, and a lateral line black-greenish ; abdomen above greenish-black, a dorsal interrupt- ed line, the posterior margin of the segments, the last segment and the sides yellowish or blue(?); feet armed with long cilia, yellowish, the anterior femora black, the base interiorly yellow, the anterior tibite exteriorly black; the posterior femora black exteriorly, line- ated with yellow, tarsi black; wings hyaline; pterostigma rufous. ($?. From the description of Rarnbur.)
Hab. North America. (Collection of De Selys Longcharaps.)
2. T. minuta.
Trichocnemis minuta Selys, Poey Ins. Cuba, 464.
Brassy-brown ; mouth, front, a transverse occipital stripe, an antehumeral stripe, the sides of the thorax and the base and sides of the segments of the abdomen, pale reddish ; wings hyaline ;
PROTONEURA. 73
pterostigma rhomboidal, fuscous, the interior part obscurer. (From the description of De Selys.)
Length near 27 milliin. Alar expanse 32 millim.
Nab. Calisco, Cuba (De Selys).
PROTONEURA SELYS.
Quadrangular space oblong ; no second sector of the triangle (cf. Poey, Ins. Cuba, p. 470).
1. P. capillaris.
Agrion capillare Ramb. Neuropt. 280, 30. — Protoneura capillaris Selys, Poey Ins. Cuba, 471.
Extremely slender ; thorax steel-blue, above blackish-violet ; abdomen hair-like, violet-black, the third segment extremely long, marked with a large, pale greenish-blue spot; wings long, ex- tremely narrow, hyaline; the pterostigma black, subquadrate. (J* . From the description of De Selys.)
Length near 20 millim. Alar expanse 35 millim.
Hob. Cuba. (Collection of De Selys Longcharnps.)
2. P. antennata.
Agrion antennata Say, Journ. Acad. Pliilad. VIII, 39, 3.
£ . Obscure bluish-green, somewhat metallic; head green be- fore, mouth yellow, vertex and occiput black, the latter with a glaucous band which is clavate at each end; eyes dark greenish, above blackish ; antennae with the two basal joints thicker than the others, equal in length, the second one cylindrical, the third attenuated at base ; dorsum of the thorax with a glaucous stripe each side ; feet pale, with a broad black line on the femora and one on the tibice, excepting the posterior ones ; abdomen with a blue band at the base of the segments, the sides green, venter glaucous, with a black line ; wings hyaline ; pterostigma rhomb- oidal. (From Say's description.)
Length near 33 millim.
Hob. Indiana.
A species not seen by me. Say says: " Two basal joints of the antennae subequal," but from the description and from analogy, I conclude that, not the first and second segments, but the second and third, are equal: the first segment is always very short in the Agrions.
74 NEUROPTERA OP NORTH AMERICA.
The length of the second segment in Agrion antennata Say, shows that it does not belong to the genus Agrion in its stricter sense. I am not quite sure if it is a Protoneura.
AGRION FAB.
The apical sector straight; the postcostal space simple ; the quad- rangular space trapezoidal, with the exterior, inferior angle acute; the pterostigma small, rhomboidal ; abdominal appendages of the males short.
(Nehalennia Selys.) The abdomen long and very slender; the colors brazen.
1. A. Irene !
Agrion Irene Hagen !
Bright brassy-green ; head yellow in front ; the third article of the antennae annulated with pale; the hind margin of the protho- rax broad triangular £ , or biemarginated 9 ; dorsurn of the tho- rax bright brassy-green, the sides yellowish, above brassy-green ; feet pale, exteriorly lineated with black ; the abdomen slender, brassy-green, the sides and a basal yellow lunule upon the 3 — 6 segments; segment 8 with an apical spot, 9 with a triangular dor- sal one, 10 almost altogether blue J1, or 9 blue at the sides, and 10 blue at the apex 9, the tenth segment has the margin excised, dentated ; appendages extremely short, the superior ones two- parted, obtuse, the interior branch longer; the inferior append- ages are longer, blue, triangularly tuberculated ; 9 apex of the 10th segment cleft; with the appendages obtuse, short, yellow ; the eighth segment with no ventral spine ; wings hyaline ; ptero- stigma short, rhomboidal, luteous ; from nine to eleven postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 25 — 28 millim. Alar expanse 28 — 30 millim.
Hob. Chicago and Florida (Osten Sacken); Wisconsin and Illi- nois (Robt. Kennicott); New Jersey (TJhler) ; Maine (Packard). A most beautiful species.
2. A. macrogaster.
Agrion macrogaster Selys, Poey Ins. Cuba, 465.
Brassy-brown; dorsum of -the prothorax testaceous, the hind
AGRION, 75
lobe black, emarginated upon the middle ; dorsutn of the thorax, brown-brassy, each side with a testaceous stripe, sides and beneath pale; feet pale, femora exteriorly black; abdomen extremely slen- der, brassy-brown, with the incisures pale ; wings hyaline, ptero- stigma rhomboidal, fuscous, interiorly obscurer. (J1. From the description of De Selys.)
Length near 46 millim. Alar expanse 43 millim.
Nab. Jamaica (De Selys Longchamps).
(Ischnura Claarp.)
3. A. iners!
Ayr ion iners Hagen!
Brassy-black, varied with green and blue ; head black, occiput each side with a green point JVor a bluish one 9 ; prothorax with the posterior lobe short, broader in the middle, rounded, hardly elevated ; dorsuni of the thorax brassy-brown, each side with a narrow green stripe; sides green, a line beneath black; feet black; femora and tibice interiorly and the tarsi in part green; abdomen brassy-black, the first articulations steel blue, 3 — 5 with a medially interrupted yellow ring upon the base of each, 8 entirely blue, 9 — 10 sides blue g and 9 ; appendages short, the superior ones obtuse, with a process interiorly, beneath ; the inferior ap- pendages a little longer, cylindrical, subarcuated ; the posterior margin of the last segment elevated in the middle, sub-bifid; the female has an acute ventral spine upon the 8th segment ; wings hyaline, pterostigma rhomboidal, luteous, the anterior ones of the male black, with the apex whitish ; eight postcubital cross-nervules.
9 . Yar. aurantiaca. Head green in front, with bluish occi- pital points ; dorsum of the thorax orange, a broad brassy-brown stripe upon the middle, the sides dirty green ; abdomen brassy- black, the sides dirty green ; the first segment orange, the second orange, with a brassy-black apical spot; the third to the fifth with a basal yellow ring which is interrupted in the middle; the follow- ing segments are brassy-black; feet pale, with an external fuscous line.
Length 31 — 34 millims. Alar expanse 31 — 40 millim.
ffab. New York; Maryland (Uhler) ; Washington (Osten Sacken) ; Louisiana (Schaum) ; Mexico (Deppe) ; Tampico (Saussure) ; Cuba (Osten Sacken).
76 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
The colors of the living insect were made known to me by Baron Osten Sacken.
4. A. tuberculatum.
Agrion tuberculatum Selys, Poey Ins. Cuba, 467.
Black-brassy; a round blue point upon each side of the occiput; posterior lobe of the prothorax produced in the middle ; thorax yellowish-greeji, in front black-brassy, with two blue stripes; eighth segment of the abdomen blue, the tenth, in the males, tubercula*ted behind ; wings hyaline, pterostigma rhomboidal, fuscous ; ptero- stigma of the male black within. (From the description of De Selys Longchamps )
Length 35 millim. Alar expanse 37 millini.
Hal. Cuba ; Campeachy ; Cayenne.
i
5. A. ramburii !
Agrion ramburii Selys, Poey Ins. Cuba, 468.
Brassy-brown, varied with green and blue ; head each side with a green occipital point; prothorax with the posterior lobe small, having a flat tubercle upon the middle, in the female broader ; dorsum of the thorax brassy-brown, each side with a narrow green vitta ; the sides green, with a medial black stripe at the wings ; feet pale^exteriorlyxlineated with black ; abdomen brassy-fuscous, the sides green, segments 3:— 6 with a yellow, medially interrupted, basal band, segments 8 — 9 blue, with a black stripe each side ; appendages short, superior ones thick, triangular, excavated on the inside ; inferior ones acute, unguiculated ; the last abdominal segment with the posterior margin elevated in the middle and bifid ; wings hyaline, pterostigma small, rhomboidal, in the anterior wings of the male black.
9 Either thorax reddish-yellow, the dorsum of the thorax with a broad brassy stripe, the whole of the abdominal dorsum brassy- fuscous; or pruinose, black, with the apex of the abdominal seg- ments also black.
Length 25 — 28 millim. Alar expanse 27 — 30 millim.
Hal. New York ; "Washington ; Dalton, Georgia (Osten Sacken); Philadelphia; Bergen Hill, New Jersey (Guex.) ; St. Louis. I have not seen the specimens of De Selys ; he notes them to be from Martinique ; Campeachy ; Yucatan and Yera Cruz; are they different? I formerly called my species Agrion expertum !
AGRION. 77
6. A. positum !
Agrion positum Hagen !
Brassy-fuscous, varied with green ; head brassy-fuscous, each side with an occipital point green (<£), or blue (?); prothorax with the posterior lobe small, rounded and produced in the middle, dorsum of the thorax brassy-brown, each side anteriorly with a stripe and at the wings a point (forming an 1 sign) green, sides yellowish-green, with a black line upon the middle; feet yellowish, the femora, and the tibiae exteriorly black ; abdomen brassy-fuscous, sides yellowish-green, the brassy-fuscous color is dilated before the apex of the segments ; the incisures black, the first green ; seg- ments 3 — 7 with a basal yellow lunule ; the dorsum of the last segment has, sometimes, a blue pruinose, quadrangular spot, the posterior margin of this segment is elevated in the middle, and bifid ; appendages short, yellow, the superior ones tuberculose inflated, a small tooth, exteriorly, upon the middle, the inferior ones flat, recurved, with the apex black, serrated ; the tenth seg- ment in the female, with the hind margin yellow, entire ; no ventral spine ; the appendages short, trigonal, approximated, yellow ; wings hyaline, pterostigma small, rhomboidal, fuscous, surrounded with pale. 7 — 9 postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 24 — 28 millirn. Alar expanse 23 — 34 millim.
Hab. Savannah, Dalton, Georgia ; Washington (Osten Sacken).
The colors of the living insect were made known to me by Baron Osten Sacken. The male (from Dalton) is sometimes smaller, having 5 postcubital cross-nervules ; but it can hardly be a dis- tinct species. The adult female is black, pruinose, with the apex of the segments black-brassy.
7. A. hastatum !
Agrion hastata Say, Journ. Acad. Philad. VIII, 38, 2. Selys ! Poey Ins. Cuba, 470 (subg. ANOMALAGRION). Agrion anomalum Ramb.! Neu- ropt. 2S1, 31. Agrion venerinotatum Haldernan, Proc. Acad. Philad. 1844, 55.
Brassy-green, varied with orange and yellow ; head brassy- green in front, and an occipital point each side orange ; prothorax witn the posterior lobe somewhat produced in the middle ; dorsum of the thorax brassy-green, each side with a narrow yellow stripe, sides yellow, superiorly brassy-green, inferiorly a black stripe at the wings ; feet yellow, apex of the femora with a black stripe
78 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
exteriorly : abdomen yellow, segments 1 — 2 dorsum brassy-green, 3 and 6 with a very narrow dorsal spot before the apex, 4 and 5 with a basal acute spot and an apical orbicular one, 7 the dorsum entirely, and the eighth with a quadrangular basal spot brassy- green. (The markings in the younger individuals are very varia- ble; the second segment has the dorsal spot incised each side before the apex, 3 with the dorsal spot interrupted, 7 with the basal spot bifid, 8 and the following ones entirely yellow ; sometimes 3 — 6 have a basal stripe, and the apical spot almost obsolete, and 7 — 10 yellow.) The tenth segment has a long process upon the mid- dle, which is oblique, cylindrical and bifid at the apex ; append- ages short, yellow, superior ones broader, incurved, broadly bifid, inferior ones a little longer, unguiculated ; wings hyaline, ptero- stigma of the posterior ones rhomboidal black, of the anterior ones very singular, larger, rufous, surrounded with yellow, and not attaining to the costal margin ; seven postcubital cross-nervules.
9 Head orange, having a broad brassy-green, transverse stripe ; posterior lobe of the prothorax produced in the middle ; dorsum of the thorax orange, with a broad brassy-green stripe ; sometimes a black humeral line ; sides yellowish ; feet pale yellow ; abdomen orange, segment 6, a dorsal line dilated at the apex, 7 — 9 dorsum brassy-fuscous, 9 having a yellow middle fascia ; posterior margin of 10 entire ; ventral spine of 8 almost absent; appendages short, trigonal, thick, yellow; wings hyaline, pterostigma of each of the wings regular, yellowish.
Var. 9. Brassy-black, pruinose, thorax and abdomen with the sides yellow ; the feet exteriorly lineated with black.
Length 23 — 27 millim. Alar expanse 23 — 30 millim.
Hab. Indiana (Say); Maine (Packard) ; Mass. (Scudder); Ma- ryland (Uhler); Bergen Hill, Xew Jersey (Guex.); Savannah, Georgia (Osten Sacken); Louisiana (Schaum); Florida (Osten Sacken, Norton); Pennsylvania (Haldeman); Cuba; Merida; Venezuela. A common species.
The form of the pterostigma in the anterior wings of the male is very singular; no other species of Odonatahave the pterostigma so separated from the costal margin.
8. A. capreolus !
Agrion capreolus Hagen !
Brassy-black, head in front, and an occipital point each side
AGRION. 79
green; posterior margin of the prothorax, with the middle lobe small, rounded; dorsnm of the thorax black, each side of it a green stripe ; sides green, with a small black stripe at the wings ; feet pale, exteriorly, in part, lineated with black ; abdomen very slen- der, brassy-black, the sides and a basal annulus upon segments 3 — 6 yellowish-green; apical half of 8, and 9 entirely blue; a stout process upon the margin of the tenth segment, which is two- horned; appendages short, superior ones black, trigonal, obtuse; inferior ones yellowish, longer, two-parted, the external branch broader, trigonal, the internal branch longer, cylindrical, uugui- culated, strongly recurved ; wings hyaline ; pterostigma small, yellow, in the middle fuscous. Six to eight postcubital cross- nervules. Male.
Length 22 millims. Alar expanse 21 millim.
Hob. Porto Rico, Brazil.
Almost the smallest species known.
9.. A. aduncum !
Agrion aduncum Hagen !
Black, varied with yellow ; head black, in front and an occipital spot which is cuneiform, each side, yellow; posterior margin of the prothorax rounded ; dorsutn of the thorax luteous, with a broad medial, black stripe; sides luteous; feet luteous, exteriorly lineated with black; abdomen very slender, brassy-black, the sides, and a basal ring, which is excised in the middle, yellow, upon segments 3 — 8; 9 — 10 blue (J*), or 9 at the sides and 10 entirely luteous ( 9 ) ; appendages very short, the superior ones longer, biparted, the external branch cylindrical, obtuse, straight; the internal branch slender, curved downwards ; the inferior appendages obtuse, emarginated at the apex; ? apex of the tenth segment cleft; the appendages obtuse, luteous ; eighth segment with an acute ven- tral spine; wings hyaline; pterostigma small, rhomboidal, luteous, fuscous in the middle. Nine postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 26 millim. Alar expanse 26 millim. ' Hal). Cuba.
10. A. discolor.
Agrion discolor Burm. ! Handb. II, 819, 8.
Uniformly testaceous, or with the dorsum rosy, or brassy-black; thorax two-striped ; pterostigma pale. Female. (From Burmeis- ter's description.)
80 NEUROPTERA OP NORTH AMERICA.
Length 26 millim.
Hab. South Carolina (Zimmerman); unknown to me; is it not a female Agrion saucium Burm. ?
A. dorsale Selys, Poey Ins. Cuba is perhaps different.
11. A. credulum !
Agrion creduJum Hagen!
Brassy fuscous; head in front and an occipital point each side blue; posterior lobe of the prothorax short, rounded; dorsum of the thorax brassy fuscous, each side with a blue stripe, sides blue, a line in the middle black ; feet black, femora within, base of the tibiae exteriorly, and apex of the tarsi pale ; abdomen brassy fuscous, the sides and a basal ring upon segments 3 — 6 yellow; segment 8 entirely, 9 base only blue; segment 10 elevated in the middle of the margin, sub-bifid; appendages short, apex of the superior ones arcuated, biparted ; the internal branch longer, at the apex obliquely truncated, the external branch conical ; the inferior appendages a little longer, unguiculated; wings hyaline, pterostigma of the anterior ones black, exteriorly. whitish, of the posterior wings luteous. Eight postcubital cross-nervules. Female similarly colored, pterostigma of all the wings luteous. (The spe- cimen is very much mutilated.)
Var. 9. Head brassy-green, in front and an occipital point each side orange, posterior lobe of the prothorax short, rounded ; thorax orange, dorsum with a middle brassy-green stripe ; feet yellowish, exteriorly black; abdomen brassy-green, sides, a ring upon the basal segments and the second segment each side at base orange yellow. (The apex of the abdomen is destroyed.)
Length 30 millim. Alar expanse 29 millim.
Hab. Cuba (Poey); St. Thomas. Allied to Agrion ramlurii.
12. A. defixum! Agrion drjixum Hagen !
Black; head in front and an occipital point each side green ; posterior margin of the prothorax short, rounded; dorsum of the thorax black, each side with a green stripe; sides green, a small stripe at the wings black; feet green, exteriorly black ; abdomen black, sides, and a basal annulus upon segments 3 — 6 green, 8 — 9 blue, at base a little black; 10 with the margin elevated in the middle, sub-bifid ; appendages short, superior ones two-branched,
AGRION. 81
external branch conical, straight, internal branch longer, flat; in- ferior ones unguiculated, longer, oblique, recurved; wings hyaline; pterostigma of the anterior ones black, exteriorly white; of the posterior wings luteous ; seven postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 30 rnillim. Alar expanse 30 inillim.
Hob. Northern California.
13. A. denticolle !
Agrion denticolle Burm. Handb. II, 819, 9.
Black ; head anteriorly, and an occipital point each side, blue ; margin of the prothorax straight, the middle lobe small, narrow, rounded; dorsum of the thorax brassy-black (£ ), or each side with a blue stripe (9); sides blue, or with an anterior, superior black spot (9); feet pale, femora and tibia? partly black, or lineated with black (9); abdomen (eight last segments of the male destroyed) brassy-black, the sides and a basal ring upon 3 — 6 yellowish, 8 blue, 9 with a large dorsal spot, and the base covered with blue; 10 dorsura medially elevated, plicated, yellow; appendages short, yellow ; eighth segment with no ventral spine ; wings hyaline ; pterostigma luteous ; anterior pterostigma of the male black ; ten postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 27 millim. Alar expanse 30 millim.
Hab. Moretia, Mexico (Saussure).
14. A. demorsum !
Agrion demorsum Hagen !
Brassy-green ; head in front, and an occipital point, blue ; pos- terior margin of the prothorax small, rounded ; * dorsum of the thorax brassy-green, each side of it a blue stripe ; sides blue ; feet pale, exteriorly black ; abdomen brassy-green, the sides and a basal annulus, on segments 3 — 6, yellowish, segments 8 — 9 blue ; posterior margin of 10 with a narrow, elevated middle process, the apex bifid; appendages short, superior ones fuscous, two-branched, external branch conical, straight, the internal one longer, flat ; inferior appendages yellow, broadly bifid, the branches spreading apart, unguiculated, the apex black ; the upper branch longer ; wings hyaline ; pterostigma luteous, anterior ones of the <£ black, exteriorly white ; 8 — 9 postcubital cross-nervules. (The abdo- men of the female is partly destroyed.) 6
82 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
Length 2t millim. Alar expanse 30 millim. Hob. Moretia, Mexico (Saussure).
15. A. verticals.
Agrion verticale Say, Journ. Acad. Philad. VIII, 37, 1.
Obscure blue, somewhat pruinose ; head green, each side with a blue occipital spot; thorax blue, dorsum with a middle brassy stripe, and the sides with a black line ; feet deep green, femora exteriorly black, tibiae with an exterior black line ; abdomen brassy- green, the incisures pale, segments 9 — 10 blue; 10 with the pos- terior middle somewhat elevated, elevation excised (£ ), or the segments pruinose, black at their apex, with pale incisures (9); venter pale green, with a middle black line ; wings hyaline, ptero- stigma rhomboidal, fuscous. (From the description of Say.)
Length 25 millim.
Hob. Indiana (Say). "Rare. August."
Unknown to me ; perhaps it is A. positum?
16. A. exsulans ! Agrion exsulans Hagen 1
Black ; head blue in front (J*), or yellowish-green (9); occiput each side with a cuneiform blue spot ; hind margin of the protho- rax short, rounded, with a small tubercle upon the middle, which is larger in the female ; dorsum of the thorax black, each side with a blue stripe ; sides blue, with a narrow black line upon the mid- dle (J*)' or Sreen> with a black middle stripe divided by a yellow line ; a humeral yellow stripe each side, margined with fuscous, and with the srdes green (9); feet pale, exteriorly lineated with black ; abdomen brassy-black, the sides and a ring upon the base of segments 2 — 6 bright blue; segment 10 with the posterior margin elevated and subexcised ; appendages black, superior ones rounded bifid, the inferior branch longer ; inferior appendages unguiculated, slender, recurved; or (9) dorsum of the abdomen fuscous, sides dirty green, and with the apex of the ninth and the whole of the tenth segment blue ; the appendages short ; the eighth segment having a long ventral spine ; wings hyaline, ptero- stigma small, rhomboidal, black (J*), or luteous (9) ; nine post- cubital cross-nervules.
Length 33 — 36 millim. Alar expanse 40 millim.
. AGRION. 83
Hob. Philadelphia; Berkeley Springs, Va. (Osten Sacken); Pecos River, Western Texas (Capt. Pope).
The colors in the living insect were communicated to me by Baron Osten Sacken.
17. A. prognatum!
Agrion prognatum Hagen !
Green-brassy, varied with green ; head above green-brassy, the mouth and a point upon each side of the occiput bright green ; posterior margin of the prothorax very short, with a small tuber- cle upon the middle ; dorsum of the thorax green-brassy, each side with a bright green stripe ; sides green, with two short green-brassy stripes at the wings ; feet pale, knees exteriorly lineated with black ; abdomen slender, green-brassy, the sides, and a basal lunule upon segments 3 — 6, green ; segment 9 entirely, and 10 with the sides bluish-green ; the tenth segment has an elevated process upon the middle of the posterior margin, which is long, cylindrical, black, the apex yellow; superior appendages bifid, the exterior branch long, narrow, laminated, incurved ; the inferior branch hardly shorter, yellow, curved downwards ; the inferior appendages yel- low, unguiculated ; wings hyaline, pterostigma large, rhomboidal, snow-white, interiorly brownish-black ; eight postcubital cross- nervules (J*).
Length 35 millim. Alar expanse 36 millim.
Hab. Berkeley Springs, Va. (Osten Sacken).
The colors of the living insect were made known to me by Baron Osten Sacken.
18. A. pollutum!
Agrion pollutum Hagen I
Brassy-fuscous ; head brassy-fuscous, in front and a cuneiform, occipital spot each side orange ; hind margin of the prothorax rounded ; dorsum of the thorax brassy-fuscous, each side with a broad orange stripe; sides yellowish, with a black line inferiorly; feet yellowish, knees sublineated with fuscous ; abdomen long, slender, brassy-fuscous ; sides yellow, lateral margin yellow ; seg- ments 2 — 6 with a basal yellow annulus ; 9 entirely and 10 sides blue (J1), or the apex of 9 and the whole of 10 blue (9); appen- dages, superior ones long, with the apex broader, dolabriform ;
84 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
the inferior ones shorter, unguiculated ; apex of the tenth segment in the 9 cleft ; the appendages short ; eighth segment with the ventral spine long ; wings hyaline, pterostigma rhomboidal, nar- row, fuscous ; ten .postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 34 millim. Alar expanse 34 — 38 naillim.
Hob. Florida (Osten Sacken ; Norton).
19. A. signatum !
Agrion signatum Hagen!
Fuscous ; head in front and a cuneiform occipital spot each side yellow; posterior margin of the prothorax rounded; dorsum of the thorax each side with a broad yellow stripe ; sides yellow, with a middle black line; feet yellow; abdomen long, slender, fuscous, the sides, segments 3 — 7 with a basal annulus, 9 entirely and 10 at the sides, yellow ; superior appendages long, straight, subdolabri- form, the apex not broader, at the extremity of the apex subin- curved, black ; inferior appendages short, black, subincurved ; wings hyaline, pterostigma rhomboidal, fuscous, J1 ; ten postcu- bital cross-nervules.
Length 35 millim. Alar expanse 36 millim.
Hob. Georgia (Abbot) ; Louisiana (Schaum).
20. A. coecum!
Agrion coecum Hagen !
Black ; head brassy-black, with a blue occipital spot each side ; posterior margin of the prothorax each side sub-excised; dorsum of the thorax brassy-black, each side with a rosy-blue stripe ; sides rosy-blue, with a black stripe inferiorly ; feet yellowish, exteriorly black ; abdomen shorter, slender, black, segments 1 — 3 rosy-blue, 2 with a forked line, and 3 with the sides and apex black, 8 and 9 blue ; appendages black, superior ones long,, the base beneath do- labriform, the apex cylindrical; the inferior ones short, approxi- mated cylindrical, recurved ; wings hyaline, pterostigma small, rhom- boidal, black; female paler, abdomen brassy-fuscous, segments 3 — 7 with a yellow basal annulus, the sides, and eighth segment almost entirely blue, the ventral spine acute; 10 — 12 postcubital cross- nervules. Male.
Length 31 millim. Alar expense 36 millim.
Hob. St. Thomas; Cuba. (Osten Sacken, Poey.)
AGRION. 85
Subgenus Pyrrhosoma CHARP.
21. A. saucium !
Agrion saucium Burm. ! Handb. II, 819, 10.
Red; head above black J*, or middle blackish-fuscous 9 ; pos- terior lobe of the prothorax short, the middle sub-depressed ; dor- sum of the thorax black J*, or red 9 , sides yellowish-red ; feet pale yellow ; abdomen red ; the seventh segment has the sides at apex black, and the remaining segments are entirely black ; 9 apex of the seventh segment each side with a point, and 8 and 9 are en- tirely black ; appendages short, red, the superior ones depressed, flat, narrow, subsinuated; inferior ones a little longer, unguicu- lated; the tenth segment has the middle of the posterior margin elevated, excised; appendages of the female short, red, trigonal; the eighth segment with a longer ventral spine; wings hyaline, pterostigma rhomboidal, fuscous; 11 — 8 postcubital cross-ner- vules.
Length 26 — 22 millim. Alar expanse 31 — 27 millim.
Hab. Washington, Trenton Falls (Osten Sacken); Maryland, Pennsylvania (Uhler); South Carolina (Zimmerman); Illinois (Kennicott) ; Maine (Packard) ; Mass. (Scudder).
22. A. salvum !
Agrion salvum Hagen !
Red; head above with a broad brassy-green stripe; the poste- rior lobe of the prothorax broader, rounded, each side sub-excised; dorsum of the thorax red, upon the middle a broad brassy-green stripe excised each side at the wings ; sides yellowish-red, with a superior short stripe brassy-green upon the middle; feet yellow- ish; abdomen red, venter paler; margin of the tenth segment ex- cised in the middle; appendages short, red; superior ones cylindri- cal, straight, acute with a tooth inferiorly before the apex; inferior ones a little longer, unguiculated, subrecurved; (9 apex of the abdomen wanting;) wings hyaline, pterostigma rhomboidal, fus- cous; 9 — 11 postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 28 millim. Alar expanse 31 millim.
Hob. Mexico (Deppe).
86 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
23. A. vulneratum ! Agrion vulneratum Hagen!
Brassy-green, varied with red ; head brassy-green, in front red; posterior lobe of the prothorax larger, margined with yellow, the sides obliquely truncated; dorsum of the thorax obscure brassy- green, each side with a narrow sulphur-yellow humeral line; sides sulphur-yellow; superiorly, a broad, bifid, brassy-green stripe, and two lines, the second one interrupted, black; feet reddish-yellow, femora exteriorly lineated with black; abdomen long, red, apex of the dorsum infuscated, or (9) blackish-fuscous; appendages short, red, superior ones broad, triangular, flat, incurved at the apex; inferior ones oblong, broad, the apex truncated; segment 10 with the margin excised in the middle; appendages of the female short, broad, yellow; eighth ventral segment with no spine; wings hya- line, pterostigma rhomboidal, fuscous. 11 postcubital cross-ner- vules.
Var. 9 Dorsum of the abdomen fusco-aeneous, with a broadly interrupted yellow ring at the base of the segments.
Length 33 millim. Alar expanse 34 millim.
Hab. Porto Rico (Moritz); Cuba (Poey); Essequibo, Guiana.
24. A. dominicanum.
Agrion dominicanum Selys. Poey, Ins. Cuba, 466.
Red ; vertex, occiput, and the thorax above fusco-aeneous, with four pale red stripes; the sides and beneath yellow; feet pale red; wings hyaline, rather broad, pterostigma sub-elongated, fuscous. (From the description of De Selys Longchamps.)
Length 31 millim. Alar expanse 34 millim.
Hab. Hayti.
25. A. rufulum!
Agrion rufulum Hagen !
Rufous; head in front and behind yellowish; hind margin of the prothorax rounded ; dorsum of the thorax rufous, sides yellowish ; feet yellow; abdomen rufous, the sides and venter yellowish (the apex destroyed) ; wings hyaline, veins red, pterostigma rhomboidal, sanguineous. ^ . 11 postcubital cross-nervules.
Length about 3t millim. Alar expanse 38 millini.
Hab. North California.
AGRION. 87
Subgenus AgTion CHAKP.
26. A. annexum!
Agrion annexum Hagen!
Black, brassy; head and thorax villous; head marked with blue- black (J1), or reddish-yellow (9); occiput each side with a large spot, which is serrated posteriorly; hind lobe of the prothorax rounded, subexcised on each side ; dorsum of the thorax black, brassy, each side with a broad blue stripe (J"), or reddish-yellow; sides blue, or reddish-yellow, with an abrupt black, middle line ; feet black, femora interiorly, tibiae exteriorly (J") or base exter- nally (?) pale; abdomen (J1) blue, the first segment with a basal spot, segment 2 with an orbicular, pedunculated apical one, 3 — 5 with the apical half anteriorly hastated, 6 — 7 almost entirely, and 10 entirely black-brassy ; 8 and 9 are blue, with a black point each side on the middle; margin of 10 excised in the middle; append- ages short, black, superior ones cylindrical, obtuse, straight; the inferior ones a little longer, trigonal, subunguiculated; (9) red- dish-yellow; segment 1 with a basal spot, 2 with a dorsal stripe, dilated before the apex, the rest with the dorsum fusco-aeneous ; 3 — 8 have each side a triangular, larger, reddish-yellow spot; the margin of the tenth segment cleft in the middle; ventral spine of segment 8 long, acute; appendages short, thick, black; wings hy- aline, pterostigma rhomboidal, large, fuscous; fourteen postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 35 — 37 millim. Alar expanse 43 — 50 millim.
Htib. Sitka (Eschscholz; Berlin Museum).
Allied to A. cyathigerum Charp., of Europe.
27. A. durum!
Agrion durum Hagen !
Black-brassy, head and thorax villous; (J") marked with blue, or (9) with yellowish-red; allied to the preceding species, but may be distinguished from it by the occipital spots being narrow, cuneiform, not posteriorly serrated; the prothorax has the posterior lobe rounded, not subexcised ; the dorsum of the thorax has a middle line, which is blue or reddish-yellow; the feet pale, femora exteriorly and the tibia? interiorly black, tarsi pale; abdomen ( J1), segments 3 — 6 nigro-aeneous at the apex, longly hastated ; supe-
88 NEUROPTERA OP NORTH AMERICA.
rior appendages broad, excavated within, with a pale tubercle be- neath ; the inferior ones pale, hardly longer, acute ; or ( 9 ) dorsal bands of the segments, fusco-aeneous, narrower, dilated before the apex; pterostigina obscure, that of the males black; fourteen post- cubital cross-nervules.
Length 37 — 42 millim. Alar expanse 44 — 50 millira.
Hob. Maryland (Uhler); Louisiana (Schaum) ; Florida (Osten Sacken; Norton).
28. A. civile !
Agrion civile Hagen!
Black-brassy, varied with blue (^), or green (9); head and thorax villous; head in front blue, occiput each side with an elon- gated blue spot ; posterior margin of the prothorax rounded, en- tire; dorsum of the thorax nigro-aeneous, each side with a broad blue stripe (J1 ), or green (9); sides blue in both sexes; beneath pruinose ; feet pale, femora and tibiae with an imperfect, external black line; abdomen blue (c£), segment 1 with a small basal spot, 2 with an orbicular apical one, 3 — 5 with an acute apical band, brassy-black; 6 — 7 brassy-black, blue at base; 8 — 9 blue; 10 brassy-black, the margin broadly excised ; superior appendages black, long, divaricated, bifld, with a pale oval tubercle set between; inferior appendages short, pale, unguiculated ; or (9) blue, a dor- sal large, lanceolated spot, dilated before the apex of the segments and not attaining the base upon segments 4 — 7, nigro-aeneous ; margin of the tenth segment cleft; appendages short, thick, lurid; ventral spine of the eighth segment acute ; wings hyaline, ptero- stigmarhomboidal, exteriorly rounded, black (J1), or luteous (9); eleven postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 32 — 35 millim. Alar expanse 37 millim.
Hob. New York; Maryland (Uhler); Washington (Osten Sack- en); Texas (Friedrich); Pecos River; Matamoras, Mexico.
The colors of the living insect were made known to me by Baron Osten Sacken.
29. A. praevarum!
Agrion praevarum Hagen !
Black-brassy, varied with blue (J*), or green (9); head and thorax villous; very closely allied to the preceding species; differs in having the posterior margin of the prothorax each side excised;
AGRION. 89
abdominal segment 2 has an orbicular spot, which is subacu- minate in front, the sides sometimes have a line brassy-black, 3 has an apical spot, acuminated in front, 4 — 6 brassy-black, with the base blue; superior appendages bifid, no tubercle inserted between ; the abdomen of the female is marked very much like that of Agrion civile (the apex is destroyed); dorsum of the thorax with a middle green line.
Length 32 millim. Alar expanse 40 millim.
Jfab. Mexico (Deppe); female from. Trajos del Oro (Saussure).
30. A. ebrium!
Agrion ebrium Hagen !
Black-brassy, varied with blue ; head and thorax villous ; very closely allied to Ag. civile, differs in having broader occipital spots, the femora and tibiae exteriorly, and sometimes the whole of the tarsi black ; the abdomen has segment 6, upon the apical half, marked with a hastate, black-brassy spot, the superior appendages are bifid, no introduced tubercle, the branches equal, parallel (in A. civile divaricated) ; inferior appendages straight, the apex less acuminated; eleven postcubital cross-nervules. Male.
Length 29 — 31 millim. Alar expanse 36 — 40 millim.
Hob. Chicago (Osten Sacken) ; North America (Zimmerman) ; New Orleans (Pfeiffer; the specimen is very much mutilated, doubtful).
31. A. doubledayi !
Agrion doubledayi Selys ! Revue des Odonates, 209 ; Poey ! Ins. Cuba, 469.
Black-brassy, varied with blue (J*), or yellowish-green? (9); head brassy-black, in front blue, the occipital spots sublinear; pos- terior margin of the prothorax rounded; dorsum of the thorax brassy-black, each side of it is a broad blue stripe, sides blue, a medial linear spot at the wings; feet pale, femora and tibiae exte- riorly lineated with black; abdomen (J*) blue, segment 1 with a basal quadrangular spot, segment 2 with an orbicular apical one, 3 — 5 with an apical ring, 6 with a large hastiform spot, and 7 and 10 entirely brassy-black, 8 — 9 entirely blue; margin of the tenth segment excised, in the middle somewhat bituberculated ; superior appendages black, broad, thick, the apex excised, with a pale tubercle adjacent; the inferior ones pale, acute, oblique; or (9)
90 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
dorsurn of the abdomen brassy-black, with basal yellowish lunules upon the segments; segment 8 with an acute ventral spine; wings hyaline, pterostigma rhomboidal, small, black, or (?) fuscous; ten postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 31 millim. Alar expanse 34 millim.
Hob. Florida (Norton); St. John's Bluff, Florida (Double- day).
32. A. bipunctulatum !
Agrion bipunctulatum Hagen!
Black-brassy, varied with blue; head black, in front blue, occipi- tal spots absent; posterior lobe of the prothorax broader, each side rounded; dorsum of the thorax brassy-black, each side of it a blue stripe; sides blue, with a black middle line; feet pale, femora and tibise with an external line, and tho tarsi entirely black ; abdomen blue ; segment 1 has a basal spot, 2 has an apical point each side, 3 — 6 at the apex, 7 almost entirely brassy-black, 8 — 10 blue; margin of the last segment subexcised, each side tuberculous, a bifid tubercle upon the middle inferiorly; appendages extremely short, black, superior ones cylindrical, inferior ones a little longer, broader, obtuse, with an apical tooth superiorly; wings hyaline; pterostigma small, rhomboidal, rufous; eleven postcubital cross- nervules.
Length 28 millim. Alar expanse 33 millim.
Hob. Georgia (Abbot).
33. A. violaceum ! Agrion violaceum Hagen !
Violaceous; head with a transverse black stripe superiorly; a large violaceous occipital spot each side; posterior margin of the prothorax rounded, subexcised in the middle; dorsum of the thorax violet, upon the middle a narrow black stripe; sides pale violet, a bifid stripe above at the wings and a line upon the middle, black ; feet pale, femora exteriorly, tibia? interiorly and the tarsi entirely black; abdomen (J*) violet, segments 2 to 6 with an apical spot each side, and 7 almost entirely black; margin of 10 broadly ex- cised; appendages short, superior ones broad, obtuse, inferior ones larger, the apex sub-bifid; or (9) yellowish-green, segments each side with an apical stripe and point, and 7 almost entirely black ;
AGRION. 91
segment 8 with no ventral spine ; wings hyaline, pterostigraa rhom- boiclal fuscous; 11 — 15 postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 33 — 36 millim. Alar expanse 40 — 44 rnillim.
Hob. Maryland (Uhler); Berkeley Springs, Virginia; Washing- ton (Osten Sacken); Pecos River, W. Texas (Capt. Pope); Massa- chusetts (Scudder) ; Connecticut (Norton); New York (Edwards); Illinois (Kenuicott); New Jersey, Pennsylvania (Uhler).
34. A. fontium !
Agrion fontium Hagen!
Brassy-black; head black, mouth and an occipital spot each side blue; posterior margin of the prothorax short, sub-rect; dorsum of the thorax black, each side of it a broad blue stripe; sides pale- blue, a stripe superiorly and a line upon the middle black; feet black, femora interiorly and tibia? exteriorly pale; abdomen slender black, segments 4 — t with an interrupted, pale basal ring, dorsum of 9 — 10 blue, 10 with a medial black fascia, the hind margin ex- cised; appendages short, black, superior ones reniform, broken, compressed; inferior ones larger, broad, excised; wings hyaline; pterostigm'a rhomboidal black.
Fourteen postcubital cross-nervules.
Var. Rosaceous ; dorsum of the thorax each side with a broad rosy stripe ; sides with a rosy point on the superior stripe at the wings; (9) abdominal segments at sides, a dorsal line upon the middle and a basal ring pale; no ventral spine.
Length 36 millim. Alar expanse 42 millim.
Hob. Berkeley Springs, Virginia (Osten Sacken) ; Georgia (Abbot) ; the variety from Florida (Osten Sacken).
35. A. apicale !
Agrion apicalis Say, Journ. Acad. Philad. VIII, 40, 4.
Blue ; head with a transverse black stripe above ; posterior mar- gin of the prothorax subrotund; dorsum of the thorax blue, the sutures black; sides blue, against the prothorax, superiorly, a quadrangular black spot (J*); feet pale, femora exteriorly and tibia? interiorly black; abdomen brassy fuscous, a narrow dorsal line, a basal annulus to the segments and their sides pale; dorsal surface of the three last segments blue (J*), or brassy fuscous (9); appendages small, the superior ones transverse, with a middle and
92 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
internal tooth; inferior ones longer, broad, bifid; margin of the tenth segment excised, tuberculous; appendages of the female short, obtuse; margin of the tenth segment cleft; no ventral spine to the eighth segment; wings hyaline, pterostigma rhomboidal, fuscous ; fourteen postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 36 millira. Alar expanse 43 millira.
Hob. United States, " very common" (Say) ; Washington ; Berkeley Springs, Virginia (Osten Sacken).
36. A. funebre !
Agrion funebre Hagen !
Violaceous ; head with an arcuated fascia above, and a trans- verse occipital streak black ; margin of the prothorax behind, upon the middle and each side subtruncated ; dorsum of the thorax vio- laceous, a black stripe upon the middle, sides pale violaceous, a stripe superiorly, either divided or excised, and a line upon the middle black; feet pale, femora exteriorly, tibiae interiorly and tarsi black ; abdomen obscure violaceous, segment 2 each side with an angulose line, 3 to 6 apex or a spot each side, or entirely and 7 entirely black, 8 fuscous- at base (?), the following ones vio- laceous ; appendages short, superior ones obtuse, rounded at the apex and incurved ; inferior ones longer, oblong, the apex bifid, the superior branch incurved ; wings hyaline, pterostigma rhom- boidal, fuscous. J*. Fourteen postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 40 millim. Alar expanse 51 rnillim.
Hob. Mexico (Deppe).
It is allied to the two preceding species.
37. A. extraneum!
Agrion extraneum Hagen !
Very similar to the preceding, differs by having the head black above ; the posterior margin of the prothorax rounded ; dorsum of the abdomen black ; margin of the tenth segment excised, be- neath bituberculated ; superior appendages broader, emarginated, the apex not incurved ; the inferior ones bifid, the superior branch very much recurved, obliquely truncated. £ .
Length 35 millim. Alar expanse 42 millim.
Hob. Tampico, Mexico (Saussure).
AGRION. 93
38. A. calidum !
Agrion calidum Hagen !
Yery much like the preceding, differs in having the dorsnm of the thorax black, each side a broad violaceous stripe; sides pale, a broad stripe above, and an abrupt line upon the middle black ; feet almost entirely black; abdomen black, segments 9 — 10 blue above, margin of segment 10 less excised ; superior appendages reniform, the internal tooth longer; inferior ones oblong, broad, the apex excised ; wings hyaline sub-infumated, pterostigma larger, black. Fifteen postcubital cross-nervules.
9 Head luteous (?), a stripe superiorly and a post-occipital streak black ; margin of the prothorax behind sub-excised in the middle and each side, the thoracic process on each side laminated, oblong, curved exteriorly; dorsum of the thorax luteous (?), with a black stripe in the middle, sides luteous, with a black humeral line, dilated anteriorly ; feet pale, the femora exteriorly, the tibite interiorly and the tarsi black; abdomen luteous (?), seg- ment 2 each side, with an ante-apical spot, and 3 — 7 upon the apex black ; dorsum of 10 almost entirely cleft ; appendages short, luteous; no ventral spine; wings sub-infuinated, pterostigma large, rufous.
Length 37 — 40 millim. Alar expanse 46 — 50 millirn.
Hob. Tampico, Mexico (Saussure) ; California.
I saw a male taken at the same place (Tampico), allied to this species, but the epistoma was brassy-green, the sides of the thorax had no middle black line ; the appendages destroyed. Is it a dis- tinct species ? The male from California is without head and appendages, and is, as yet, doubtful.
39. A. immundum!
Agrion immundum Hagen !
Most like A. apicale, but differs in the color, being luteous, per- haps rosaceous ; dorsum of the thorax with a middle black stripe; a humeral black line, which is cleft at the wings ; abdomen ob- scure luteous, segment 2 with a spot each side before the apex, the apex of 3 — 6, and 7 entirely black, the following ones blue ( J1) or luteous ; segments 2 — 7 each side with a black streak, the following ones blue (9); superior appendages obtuse, excised at the apex ; the inferior ones broad, sub-bifid at the apex, the supe-
94 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
rior branch conical, recurved ; tenth segment of the female almost entirely cleft; the appendages short, luteous ; no ventral spine; wings hyaline, pterostigtna rhornboidal, fuscous; fourteen postcu- bital cross nervules.
Length 36 millim. Alar expanse 44 millim.
Hob, Tampico, Mexico (Saussure).
40. A. sedulum!
Agrion sedulum Hagen 1
Black ; head blue above ; posterior margin of the prothorax sub-rect; dorsum of the thorax black, each side a blue stripe; sides blue, superiorly with a black fascia, which is biserrated below, and a black line upon the middle ; feet pale, femora exteriorly and the tibiae within black ; abdomen black, segments 2 to 7 with a dorsal blue spot at base, the following ones entirely blue ; append- ages black, short, superior ones cylindrical, straight, obtuse, with an ante-apical tooth beneath ; inferior ones longer, bifid, the branches divaricated, recurved beneath ; margin of the tenth seg- ment elevated in the middle, excised ; wings hyaline, pterostigraa rhomboidal, brownish-black. <g . Thirteen postcubital cross-ner- vules.
Length 34 millim. Alar expanse 38 millim.
Hab. Berkeley Springs, Virginia (Osten Sacken) ; Pecos River, Western Texas (Capt. Pope).
The colors of the living insect were communicated to me by Baron Osteu Sacken.
41. A. moestum!
Agrion moestum Hagen !
Fuscous ; head blue in front ; posterior margin of the prothorax subrect ; dorsum of the thorax fuscous, each side with a broad blue stripe (?) ; sides brassy-fuscous, with an obscure blue middle stripe (?) ; feet luteous, femora exteriorly and tibia? interiorly brassy-fuscous ; abdomen brassy-fuscous, segments 3 — 7 with a basal blue lunule ; segment 10 margin excised in the middle; appendages extremely short, the superior ones obtuse, incurved at the apex, the inferior ones broad, truncated at the apex, hardly sinuated.
9 Pale green ; head with a post-occipital fuscous streak ; pos- terior margin of the prothorax subrect, each side with a brassy-
AGRION. 95
fuscous point ; the process upon the thorax, near each side, lami- nated, oblong, short, rounded; thorax pale green, a dorsal, fuscous, middle line; feet pale green, the femora sublineated with fuscous; abdomen pale green, segments 3 — 7 each side, with a lateral fus- cous streak; appendages short, pale; the wings hyaline, ptero- stigma rhomboidal, black (J1), or luteous (?). Fifteen postcubi- tal cross-nervules.
Length 43 — 45 millim. Alar expanse 50 — 56 millim.
Hal. Pecos River, Western Texas, July (Capt. Pope).
42. A. lugens!
Agrion luyens Hagen !
Luteous ; head above with an arcuated, angulose line, and a postoccipital fascia blackish-brown ; posterior margin of the pro- thorax subrotund, each side with an arcuated black spot ; process of the thorax near each side, laminated, small, narrow, curved out- wards ; thorax luteous, a dorsal middle streak and two narrow stripes each side, fuscous ; sides luteous, above with a broadly divided stripe, upon the middle at the wings an abrupt streak, and a line beneath black ; feet luteous, femora exteriorly and tiba3 interiorly subfuscous; abdomen thick, luteous, a broad stripe each side, confluent together at the apices of the segments, blackish- brown, the last segment cleft ; appendages short, luteous ; wings hyaline, pterostigma larger, rhomboidal, fuscous, luteous in the middle; sixteen postcubital cross-nervules. (9.)
Length 50 millim. Alar expanse 67 millim.
Hob. Mexico (Muhlenpford; Berlin Museum).
It belongs to the genus HYPONEURA Selys, which is distin- guished by the postcostal space being multi-areolate.
»
43. A. lacrimans !
Agrion lacrimans Hagen 1
Luteous ; head luteous, above with spots in the middle, and a postoccipital streak black ; posterior margin of the prothorax short, broadly bi-emarginated, and with a geminate black spot ; laminated process near each side of the thorax broadened at the apex and curved inwards ; dorsura of the thorax luteous, a black stripe on the middle ; sides luteous, a humeral line dilated ante- riorly, and a middle line black ; feet luteous, exteriorly and tarsi brownish-black ; abdomen luteous, a broad, black stripe each side,
96 NEUROPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
confluent together at the apices of the segments (apex destroyed); wings hyaline, pterostigma rhomboidal, luteo-fuscous ; sixteen post- cubital cross-nervules. (9.)
Length about 45 millim. Alar expanse 56 millim.
Hab. Cordova, Mexico (Saussure).
44. A. putridum !
Agrion putridum Hagen !
Fuscous ; head fuscous, in front luteous ; posterior margin of the prothorax subrect ; dorsum of the thorax luteous, a fuscous stripe upon the middle; sides luteous; a stripe superiorly, which is excised at the wings, and a line upon the middle blackish-brown; feet luteous, femora exteriorly and tibia? interiorly fuscous ; abdo- men black, segments 3 — 7 each side with a pale basal luuule ; head, thorax, and apex of the abdomen pruinose ; margin of the tenth segment excised in the middle ; appendages short, superior ones obtuse, an ante-apical tooth beneath, the inferior appendages broad, truncated at the apex. 9 pale green ; head with a post- occipital black streak; posterior margin of the prothorax straight, each side with a black spot ; laminated process near each side of the thorax small, straight, rounded ; dorsum of the thorax green, a black line upon the middle ; sides green, a black line in the middle; feet paler; abdomen green, each side with an interrupted black line; apex of the tenth segment excised; appendages short; wings hyaline, pterostigma rhomboidal, black (J1), or luteous (9); fourteen postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 40 millim. Alar expanse 48 millim.
Hab. Wisconsin River (Kennicott); Berkeley Springs, Virginia (Osten Sackeu); Maryland (Uhler).
45. A. cupreum !
Agrion cupreum Hagen !
Coppery-purple; head cupreous ; posterior margin of the pro- thorax rounded ; dorsum of the thorax cupreous, the middle carina black; sides pale, above coppery; feet black, tibia? pale exteriorly; abdomen black, segment 2 fusco-aeneous, 4 — 8 with a basal blue annulus, 9 — 10 entirely blue; margin of 10 excised, bituberculated beneath ; appendages black, the superior ones flat, subelongated, triangular, biiid at the apex, the interior branch subiucurved ; the inferior ones longer, the apex broader, excised. The eighth seg-
AGRION. 97
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ment is sometimes all blue g . Specimens from Venezuela are smaller, but hardly distinct ; their females have the head marked each side with a luteous, occipital point ; hind margin of the pro- thorax slightly sinuated ; laminated process near each side of the thorax short, curved inwards ; dorsum of the thorax luteous, a cupreous stripe upon the middle ; sides yellowish-green, with a brassy stripe above ; abdomen yellowish-green, each side with an interrupted, black stripe ; wings hyaline, pterostigma rhomboidal, black (J1), or luteous (9); fifteen postcubital cross-nervules.
Length 40 — 33 millim. Alar expanse 48 — 40 millim.
Hob. Cordova, Mexico (Saussure); Venezuela (Appuu).
46. A. aspersum!
Agrion aspersum Hagen !
Black, varied with blue ; head black, in front and an occipital point each side blue ; posterior margin of the prothorax sub- excised each side ; dorsum of the thorax black, each side with a broad blue stripe ; sides blue ; feet pale blue, femora exteriorly, tibia? interiorly and tarsi almost entirely black ; abdomen black, the sides blue ; segment 1 blue, with a quadrangular, basal, black spot ; 2 blue, with an apical, pyriform, black spot ; 3 blue, with a large, apical, reversed hastiform, black spot ; the apical half of 7, the whole of 8 and 9, and 10 with a large ovate spot each side blue; margin of the tenth segment subexcised; appendages black, superior ones long, straight, cylindrical, the apex subincurved, with a basal process beneath, which is large, laminated ; the infe- rior appendages are short, trigonal, the